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정신장애인을 위한 직업재활 서비스 효과에 대한 체계적 고찰

The Effects of Vocational Counseling Interventions for Adults with Psychiatric Disabilities: A Systematic Review

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류기타사회과학

초록

이 연구는 체계적 문헌탐색 연구로써, 정신장애인의 직업재활과 관련된 외국의 주요 연구 성과에 대한 검토를 바탕으로 직업재활 서비스의 효과를 알아보고 국내 정신보건 분야에서의 직업재활 서비스의 중요성을 환기시키는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 정신장애인의 취업을 목표로 하는 직업재활 서비스를 유형별로 분석하고, 이들 서비스를 이용한 대상자의 장애군, 서비스 유형 및 효과를 검토하였다. 관련 문헌의 수집에는 직업재활, 정신장애와 관련된 주제어를 활용하여 6개의 데이터베이스를 검색하였고, 그 결과 영어로 작성된 512개의 관련 연구 자료를 파악하였다. 이들 중 연구 주제에 부합하는 26개의 연구를 분석에 활용하였다. 한편, 분석에 포함된 연구의 질적 수준 검증에는 증거기반 분류체계를 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 직업재활 서비스 유형은 지원고용(Supported Employment), 개별배치와 지원(Individualized Placement Support), 지원교육과 직업개발/훈련, 사회 및 일상생활 훈련 등 세 가지로 분류되었다. 연구진은 이번 문헌 탐색 연구를 통해 국내 정신보건 분야에서의 직업재활 서비스 개발 및 관련 연구 활성화와 정신장애인 직업재활 서비스 개발 및 제공에 대한 직업재활사들의 인식 제고 등의 노력이 필요하다는 점을 확인하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate research literature evaluating the effects of vocational counseling interventions focusing on individuals with psychiatric disabilities and to provide implications for the interventions in mental health fields in S. Korea. We searched 6 databases using pre-specific keywords. This resulted in 511 abstracts that we reviewed using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and selected 26 articles to be included in the analysis. For assessing the quality of collected studies, the level of evidence definitions was applied. The results showed that the interventions are categorized as supported employment and individualized placement supports; supported education and job development/training; and social skill training and daily life activities. The studies were from multiple countries and provided interventions using standardized manuals including generalized monitoring process, evaluation, and follow-up. This literature review provided evidence concerning the effectiveness of vocational counseling interventions in mental health fields. Finally, for the development of vocational counseling interventions in S. Korea, multiple studies to explore rehabilitation counselors’ roles and develop standardized interventions are required.

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