뇌졸중으로 인한 연하장애 환자들이 경험하는‘먹기’ 의미에 대한 현상학적 연구
A Phenomenological Study on the Meaning of ‘Eating’ Experienced by Patients with Dysphagia Caused by Stroke
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본 연구의 목적은 연하장애를 경험한 환자들에게 ‘먹기’는 무엇을 의미하는가에 대해 확인하고자 한다. 연하장애를 경험한 뇌졸중 환자 5명을 대상으로 개별 심층면담을 실시하였다. 연구 참여자로부터 얻은 원 자료는 현상학적 방법 중 Colaizzi 분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 원 자료에서 94개의 의미 있는 진술들을 찾아냈고, 69개의 구성된 의미를 도출하였다. 도출된 의미에서 16개의 주제를 선정하고, 6개의 주제묶음으로 분류하였다. 최종적인 ‘먹기’의 범주로 생존, 맛의 즐거움, 기본적 욕구, 재활의지로 조직화 하였다. 연하장애 환자의 ‘먹기’에 대한 의미를 최종적으로 기술 하면, 먹기는 생존을 위해서 필수적이고, 맛의 즐거움을 느끼게 해주며, 인간의 기본적인 욕구를 충족시켜준다. 그리고 먹기는 재활을 위해 체력을 회복하는 수단이다. 따라서 연하재활을 수행하는 임상전문가는 연하장애 환자의 먹기에 대한 의미를 이해하고, 심리ㆍ정신적 지지를 제공해 줄 필요가 있을 것이다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate what ‘eating’ means to patients experiencing dysphagia. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted for 5 stroke patients who experienced dysphagia. The raw data obtained from the study participants were analysed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Ninety-four significant statements were found in the raw data, and sixty-nine formulated meanings were derived. Sixteen themes in the derived meanings were selected, which were then classified into six theme clusters. Survival, pleasure of taste, and rehabilitation will were organized into the final category of eating. To finally describe the meaning of eating for dysphagia patients, eating is essential for their survival, makes them feel the pleasure of taste, and satisfies human basic needs. Eating is also a means of regaining the strength needed for rehabilitation. Therefore, clinical professionals who perform swallowing rehabilitation should understand the meaning of eating for dysphagia patients and provide them with necessary psychological and mental support.
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