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장애아동의 의사소통 발달을 위한 환경중심 언어중재의 단일대상연구 메타분석: 한국과 미국을 중심으로

A Meta-Analysis of Single-Subject Research Using Milieu Teaching on Communication Development in Children with Disabilities

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주제분류기타사회과학

초록

이 연구는 장애아동의 의사소통 발달을 위한 환경중심 언어중재를 사용한 한국과 미국의 a) 연구동향, b) 효과 크기, c) 질적 지표를 비교‧분석하였다. 2000년부터 2019년까지 수행된 단일대상연구를 검토하여 한국연구 15편과 미국연구 10편, 총 25편을 선정하고, 각 연구에서 수행된 한국 78건, 미국 72건, 총 150건의 사례를 분석하였다. 선정된 논문은 첫째, 연구 참여자, 중재 환경, 독립변인, 종속변인, 연구설계, 중재 충실도, 유지, 일반화, 사회적 타당도의 9개 영역에서 전반적인 동향이 분석되었다. 둘째, 연구에서 사용된 중재의 효과 크기를 양적으로 분석하기 위하여 PND와 IRD를 산출하였다. 한국연구는 PND가 77.97%로 효과적인 중재였으나 IRD는 64.72%로 중간 크기의 효과를 나타내었다. 미국연구는 PND가 71.63%로 효과적인이었으나, IRD는 39.47%로 매우 작거나 의심스러운 효과 크기를 나타내었다. 셋째, 단일대상연구의 질적 요소 분석을 위한 질적 지표의 분석 결과는 한국연구 평균 80.55%, 미국연구 평균 86.23%로 미국의 연구가 한국연구보다 방법론적 엄격성의 충족정도가 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구결과는 메타분석의 효과 크기를 검증할 때 PND가 보완적 자료와 함께 제시될 필요가 있음을 시사하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 또한, 환경중심 언어중재를 수행할 때 질적 지표에 기반 한 계획 및 평가로 연구의 증거 기반 실천을 문서화할 필요를 제안할 수 있다.

Abstract

This study was to compare and analyze a) study trends, b) effect size of the intervention, c) quality indicators of South Korea and the US studies using milieu teaching for communication development in children with disabilities. The study systematically searched for a single-subject research from 2000 to 2019, selected a total of 25 aticles from 15 South Korea aticles and 10 US aticles, and analyzed a total of 150 cases from 78 cases in South Korea and 72 cases in the US. The selected articles were analyzed as follows: First, overall trends were analyzed in nine categories. Second, this study calculated PND and IRD for each case to identify the effect size of the intervention of milieu teaching. The results showed that the milieu teaching cases in South Korea showed ‘fairly effectiveness’ along with 77.97% PND and showed ‘Moderate-size effectiveness’ along with 64.72% IRD. However, cases in US showed ‘fairly effectiveness’ along with 71.63% PND but showed ‘very small and questionable effectiveness’ along with 39.47% IRD.Third, the study analyzed cases in terms of quality indicators. The results showed that the average of South Korea cases was 80.55%, and the average of US cases was 86.23%, indicating that the methodological rigor of US cases was more met than that of South Korea cases. Therefore, this study suggests that complementary analytical methods need to be presented when PND verifies the effect size of the intervention in meta-analysis. In addition, the study suggests that the performance of milieu teaching should be planned and evaluated on the basis of qualitative indicators to document evidence-based practice.

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