耽羅 七星圖 관련 기록과 축조시기

Abstract

Chilsungdo is a kind of plumb block which was erected in the shape of the Big Dipper. It was located in seven places inside Jeju fortress. Although it was made in ancient Tamra period and it was disappeared, its historical sites were still remained at least during Japanese occupation. Besides there are about 20 materials that introduce Chilsungdo remains. Chilsungdo was always introduced as Jeju historical site not only in history-geography books such as『Shinjeungdongkukyujiseungram』(Volume38, Jejumok historical remains) and 『Tamraji』(Lee won-jin) but in personal literary works written by Lim jae(1549~1587) and Kim jung(1670~1737). That is because Chilungdo is an important historical remains as an artificial structure only found in Jeju. Until the present, little is known about which historical materials contained what contents of Tamra Chilsungdo. Also, a forced inference has brought about a wrong fact about its construction time. In order to overcome this realistic limits, this paper discovers 20 kinds of Chilsungdo-related materials through the writings in personal collection of works, history-geography books and maps from the early days of the Joseon Dynasty to 1950. Literature analysis based on these kinds of materials summarizes the followings about Chilsungdo. First, three names, Ko, Yang, Boo, appeared as three founders of Tamra and Chilsungdo was built after they divided the residence into Ildo, Yido, Samdo. Second, a kind of plumb block with the shape of the Big Dipper was built in seven places inside Jeju fortress. It was the rectangular shape of the block which flattened the soil on the piling-up stones. Third, the residence of Tamra people was formed along Chilsungdo. Fourth, it was still remained as a historical site through the Joseon Dynasty but it was restored by Paster Kim-jung at the time of King Yeoung-jo in the late Joseon Dynasty(1737). Also, contrary to the known fact about the construction time of Chilsungdo, I reached the conclusion as followings. First, Chilsungdo was built after the tribes of three founders formed their villages at the time of the nation's founding. Second, after the tribes of three founders developed tribal society system, Chilsungdo was used as an altar and a symbolic structure. Third, Chilsungdo was built at least before Ko-hu and his party of Tamra visited Silla Dynasty ahead of king Moon-joo(475~477) of Baekje Dynasty. Fourth, after all, Chilsungdo was constructed before King Moon-joo of Baekje Dynasty. It is reasonable to consider that the time of construction was not after Unified Silla but before the era of the Three States. This paper tried a historical research on Tamra Chilsungdo historical remains because the study of chilsungdo has not been long until now. I analyzed what Chilsungdo was and when it was built through literatures. I will continue studying the meaning, shape and location of Chilsungdo in the future. I hope that this paper prepare the opportunity of reviving the historical remains which were introduced as Jeju historical remains in the ancestors' records.