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탄력성에 대한 이론적 관점의 비교

Companing theretical viewpoints about resilience

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초록

본 연구에서는 탄력성 개념에 대한 이론적인 개념화 정립을 돕고자 이론적인 관점을 크게 3가지로 구분하였다. 이를 위해 각 관점의 탄력성 요인별 구분을 포함하여 연구 및 접근방법 그리고 탄력성을 정의하는 전제조건을 비롯한 탄력성의 특성과 변화의 개념 등 이론적 관점 각각을 면밀하게 분석하였다. 또한, 이런 준거를 바탕으로 하여 그들과의 차이를 비교하는 과정을 통해 각 관점의 차이점과 공통점에 대해 비교하여 논하였다. 첫째, 탄력성의 정신분석학적 관점은 탄력성을 개인의 내적인 특성이나 성격의 한 유형으로 보았다. 둘째, 탄력성의 발달정신병리학적 관점은 탄력성을 시간의 흐름에 따라 발달해 가는 역동적인 변화의 과정으로 보았다. 셋째, 탄력성의 발달맥락주의 관점은 개인내적인 특성과 역동적인 과정과의 상호작용으로 보았다. 넷째, 탄력성의 각 3가지 관점은 각각의 차이점과 공통점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구를 통해 탄력성의 개념과 이론적인 관점의 비교과정을 보다 면밀히 알 수 있으며, 탄력성이 보다 다양하게 활용될 수 있는 이론적인 기초와 근거를 마련하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

Theoretical viewpoint is divided into three parts in order to define theoretical conceptualization about resilience concept. Firstly, each viewpoint of resilience was classified according to the factors and approaches. Secondly, this study analysed a definition of resilience, feature of resilience and concept of change based on each theoretical viewpoint . Thirdly, each theocratical viewpoint was compared with each other. Several differences and commons were found as a result. The results are as follows,Firstly, the viewpoint of psychoanalytical theory is that the resilience is individual internal character or personality. Secondly, the viewpoint of developmental psychopathological theory is that the resilience is a process of dynamic change according to the passage of time. Thirdly, according to the viewpoint of developmental contextual theory, the resilience is based on an interaction between individual internal character and process of dynamic change. Finally, the viewpoint of three theoretical theories show several differences and commons. We learned the concept of resilience and the theoretical viewpoints through this study. This study can be useful to arrange the theoretical foundation and basis for making full use of resilience concept.

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