에디 공분산 기반의 플럭스 타워 관측자료를 이용한 국내외 산림과 농업 생태계 탄소 흡수량 분석
Estimating carbon uptake in forest and agricultural ecosystems of Korea and other countries using eddy covariance flux data
0
조회
0
다운로드
7
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
탄소 흡수원 조성과 같은 토지이용과 관련한 온실가스 감축대안 수립을 위해 다양한 생태계 시스템에서의 온실가스 잠재 흡수량 평가가 요구된다. 이 연구에서는 에디 공분산 기반의 플럭스 타워 관측자료를 활용한 순생태계교환량(Net Ecosystem Exchange: NEE)으로 국내 산림 생태계와 농경지 생태계에서의 탄소 흡수 능력을 추정하였다. 또한 우리나라와 유사한 기후조건의 국외 플럭스 타워 자료를 활용하여 국내 생태계 유형별 탄소 수지 추정결과와 비교분석하였다. 에디 공분산 기법을 이용한 산림과 농경지의 NEE 분석 결과, 우리나라의 산림에서는 연간 -31 gC/m2/yr에서 -362 gC/m2/yr, 농경지 생태계에서는 작물 재배 기간 동안 -210 gC/m2/growing season에서 -248 gC/m2/growing season의 값을나타내 산림뿐만 아니라 농경지 생태계도 탄소 흡수 기능이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 산림의 경우 임상에 따라 시기별로 서로 다른 탄소 흡수 양상을 보였는데, 활엽수림은 늦봄과 초여름, 초가을에, 침엽수림은 봄과 초여름, 가을중순에 탄소 흡수 능력이 컸다. 또한 숲의 나이가 어리고, 활엽수나 침엽수로만 구성된 단순림보다 혼효림이 더 높은 탄소 흡수 능력을 가지고 있었다. 농작물의 성장기간 동안의 탄소 흡수량은 비트가 가장 컸고, 그 다음은 겨울밀, 옥수수, 벼, 감자, 콩 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 향후산림 및 농경지에서의 탄소저감 정책수립과정에 있어 유용한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 based on the eddy covariance technique provide reasonable carbon balance estimates in response to local environmental conditions. In South Korea, the forest ecosystems cover approximately 64% of the total area, thereby strongly affecting regional carbon balances. Cultivated croplands that cover about 17% of the total area should also be considered when calculating the carbon balance of the country. In this study, our objectives were (a) to quantify the range and seasonal variation of NEE at forest ecosystems, including deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forests, and agricultural ecosystems, including rice paddies and a potato field, in South Korea and (b) to compare NEE at ten Fluxnet sites that have the same or similar ecosystems as found in South Korea. The results showed that the forest and agricultural ecosystems were carbon sinks. In Korea, NEE at the forest ecosystems varied between -31 and -362 gC/m2/yr, and NEE at the croplands ranged from -210 to -248 gC/m2/growing season. At the deciduous forest, NEE reached low values in late spring, early summer, and early autumn, while at the coniferous forest, it reached low values in spring, early summer, and mid autumn. The young mixed forest was a much stronger carbon sink than the old-growth deciduous and coniferous forests. During each crop growing season, beet had the lowest NEE value within six crops, followed by wither wheat, maize, rice, potato, and soybean. These results will be useful for designing and applying management strategies for the reduction of CO2 emissions.
참고문헌 (33)
- 안소라, "SWAT 모형을 이용한 미래 기후변화가 설마천 혼효림 유역의 증발산과 토양수분에 미치는 영향 평가", 한국수자원학회 논문집, 46(6), pp.569~583 (2013), 한국수자원학회
- Baldocchi D, "Strategies for measuring and modelling carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes over terrestrial ecosystems", Global Change Biology, 2(3), pp.159~168 (1996)
- Ceschia E, "Management effects on net ecosystem carbon and GHG budgets at European crop sites", Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 139(3), pp.363~383 (2010)
- Ciais P, "The European carbon balance: Part 2: croplands", Global Change Biology, 16, pp.1409~1428 (2009)
- Ito A, "A simulation model of the carbon cycle in land ecosystems (Sim-CYCLE): a description based on drymatter production theory and plot-scale validation", Ecological Modelling, 151(2-3), pp.143~176 (2002)
- Kirschbaum MUF, "Definitions of some ecological terms commonly used in carbon accounting", NEE (Net Ecosystem Exchange) Workshop proceedings, pp.2~5 (2001), Cooperative research centre for greenhouse accounting
- 권효정, "설마천 유역의 혼효림에서 관측된 증발산의 계절변화", 한국농림기상학회지, 11(1), pp.39~47 (2009), 한국농림기상학회
- Law BE, "Disturbance and climate effects on carbon stocks and fluxes across Western Oregon USA", Global Change Biology, 10(9), pp.1429~1444 (2004)
- Lee BR, "Remote sensing-based assessment of gross primary production in agricultural ecosystems", Ph.D., pp.2015
- 이보라, "수문생태모형 RHESSys의 평가: 두 복잡지형 유역에서의 모수화와 적용", 한국농림기상학회지, 9(4), pp.247~259 (2007), 한국농림기상학회
- 이정택, "한반도 논에서의 에디공분산 방법에 의한 CO2와 수증기 플럭스 관측", 한국농림기상학회지, 7(1), pp.45~50 (2005), 한국농림기상학회
- Li Y-L, "Patterns in CO2 gas exchange capacity of grassland ecosystems in the Alps", Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 148(1), pp.51~68 (2008)
- Luyssaert S, "Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks", Nature, 455(7210), pp.213~215 (2008)
- 문병관, "CO₂and Energy Exchange in a Rice Paddy for the Growing Season of 2002 in Hari, Korea", 한국농림기상학회지, 5(2), pp.51~60 (2003), 한국농림기상학회
- Ogutu BO, "Developing a diagnostic model for estimating terrestrial vegetation gross primary productivity using the photosynthetic quantum yield and earth observation data", Global Change Biology, 19(9), pp.2878~2892 (2013)
- Ottander C, "Recovery of photosynthesis in winter-stressed Scots pine", Plant, Cell and Environment, 14, pp.345~349 (1991)
- Owen KE, "Linking flux network measurements to continental scale simulations: ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange capacity under non-waterstressed conditions", Global Change Biology, 13(4), pp.734~760 (2007)
- Papale D, "Towards a standardized processing of net ecosystem exchange measured with eddy covariance technique: algorithms and uncertainty estimation", Biogeosciences, 3, pp.571~583 (2006)
- Pontailler JY, "Storms drive successional dynamics in natural forests: a case study in Fontainebleau forest (France)", Forest Ecology and Management, 98(1), pp.1~15 (1997)
- Reichstein M, "On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration:review and improved algorithm", Global Change Biology, 11(9), pp.1424~1439 (2005)
- Reichstein M, "REddyProc: data processing and plotting utilities of (half-)hourly eddy-covariance measurements", R package version 0.8-2, ~ (2014)
- Richardson AD, "Influence of spring and autumn phenological transitions on forest ecosystem productivity", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences, 365(1555), pp.3227~3246 (2010)
- Running SW, "A continuous satellite-derived measure of global terrestrial primary production", Bioscience, 54(6), pp.547~560 (2004)
- Saigusa N, "Inter-annual variability of carbon budget components in an AsiaFlux forest site estimated by long-term flux measurements", Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 134(1-4), pp.4~16 (2005)
- 신형진, "관측자료와 RHESSys 모형을 이용한 산림유역의 생태수문 적용성 평가 -설마천유역을 대상으로-", 한국수자원학회 논문집, 45(12), pp.1293~1307 (2012), 한국수자원학회
- Son Y, "Biomass production and nutrient distribution of a natural oak forest in central Korea", Ecological Research, 19(1), pp.21~28 (2004)
- Thomas C, "Estimating daytime subcanopy respiration from conditional sampling methods applied to multi-scalar high frequency turbulence time series", Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 148(8-9), pp.1210~1229 (2008)
- Wang YP, "Carbon balance in the tundra, boreal forest and humid tropical forest duringClimate change:scaling up from leaf physiology and soil carbon dynamics", Plant, Cell and Environment, 18(10), pp.1~20 (1995)
- Wattenbach M, "The carbon balance of European croplands: a cross-site comparison of simulation models", Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 139(3), pp.419~453 (2010)
- White MA, "Parameterization and sensitivity analysis of the BIOME-BGC terrestrial ecosystem model: net primary production controls", Earth Interactions, 4(3), pp.1~85 (2000)
- Wu C, "Remote estimation of gross primary production in wheat using chlorophyll-related vegetation indices", Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 149(6-7), pp.1015~1021 (2009)
- 유성진, "생태계 모형과 시공간 환경정보를 이용한 우리나라 식생 탄소 수지 추정", 대한원격탐사학회지, 28(1), pp.145~157 (2012), 대한원격탐사학회
- Zhao P, "Improved determination of daytime net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide at croplands", Biogeosciences Discussions, 9(3), pp.2883~2919 (2012)