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도서지역 굴토끼(Oryctolagus cuniculus) 침입에 따른 피해와 관리

Damage and Management by Invasive European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Island

이창우|최철현|김영채|장갑수|이도훈
한국환경영향평가학회 (Korean Society Of Environmental Impact Assessment)|2017.10|환경영향평가 (Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment)|제26권 제5호|pp. 315-330|DOI https://doi.org/10.14249/eia.2017.26.5.315

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참고문헌

키워드

Biodiversity섭식Feeding생물다양성Island ecosystemInvasive alien species도서생태계침입외래생물EVIEnhanced Vegetation Index
주제분류환경공학

초록

본 연구는 도서지역에 침입한 굴토끼(Oryctolagus cuniculus)의 서식양상과 섭식 영향을 밝혀 효과적인 관리에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 조사 대상지인 범섬과 까막섬은 도입식물의 식재, 답압, 경작활동 등 인위적 간섭에 의해 교란된 이차식생 유형이다. 범섬에 정착한 굴토끼는 벌채지를 중심으로 높은 흔적밀도를 보였고, 까막섬에 정착한 굴토끼는 낙엽활엽수림대를 중심으로 높은 흔적밀도를 나타내었다. 조사지역에서 확인된 굴토끼 섭식 가해 식물은 총 12과 17분류군으로 확인되었다. 범섬에서는 총9과 11분류군의 섭식 가해 식물이 확인되었고, 먹이 가용 식물이 대부분 소실된 까막섬에서는 총 5과 6분류군의 섭식 가해 식물이 확인되었다. 범섬의 식생지수는 도서 전체 면적의 약 6.6% 감소하였고, 까막섬의 식생지수는 전체 도서지역에서 감소하였다. 까막섬은 Enhanced Vegetation Index가 -0.008unit/yr 이상감소하는 지역이 전체의 5.2%였으며, -0.008∼-0.006unit/yr으로 감소하는 지역은 전체의 13.32%로확인되어 심각한 식생 교란과 생물다양성 손실이 예상되므로 도서생태계의 보전과 복원을 위한 즉각적인관리가 필요하다.

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the damage of plants in the islands due to the habitat and feeding of European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and to suggest future management plan. The survey area Beomseom Island is found to be a vegetation distribution type that was formed secondary by the exposure of artificial interference except for evergreen vegetation distribution and European rabbit showed high habitat track density mainly in the lumbering area. Kkamakseom Island was identified as a severe vegetation distribution area due to interference, and European rabbit showed high habitat track density around deciduous broad leaved forests. Feeding plants of European rabbit was identified as a total of 12 families 17 breeds. Total 9 families 11 breeds were found in Beomseom Island while 5 families 6 breeds were found in Kkamakseom where most available food resources were loss to European rabbit. As for vegetation index of Beomseom Island, about 6.6% of total island area was declined and the vegetation index of Kkamakseom Island was reduced at most area of the island. In Kkamakseom Island, the area where EVI decreased to less than -0.008 unit/yr was reduced to 5.2%, and the area where it was reduced to -0.008 to -0.006 unit/yr in total was 13.32% of the total area. Thus, it was estimated to be seriously damaged by vegetation. Therefore, immediate management is required.

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