Conditionals in written L2 English: Form and function
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This paper examines the form and functions of English conditionals in L2 English, focusing on the differences between NS and NNS writers and across proficiency levels. Our analysis of NS and NNS argumentative essays has revealed that the NNS, compared to the NS, produced more tokens of conditionals and initial if-clauses but less tokens of atypical conditionals. The NNS preferred the future predictive condition over the factual condition, which was preferred by the NS. The NNS utilized the initial if-clause to offer a contrast to previous claims as opposed to the NS utilizing it to repeat previous claims. The developmental trajectory from the lowest to highest levels was not linear, but exhibited a rather irregular pattern. The results evidence that the use of conditionals is an outcome of the complex interaction of various factors including L2 proficiency, L1 structure, textual features, and possibly classroom instruction.
Abstract
This paper examines the form and functions of English conditionals in L2 English, focusing on the differences between NS and NNS writers and across proficiency levels. Our analysis of NS and NNS argumentative essays has revealed that the NNS, compared to the NS, produced more tokens of conditionals and initial if-clauses but less tokens of atypical conditionals. The NNS preferred the future predictive condition over the factual condition, which was preferred by the NS. The NNS utilized the initial if-clause to offer a contrast to previous claims as opposed to the NS utilizing it to repeat previous claims. The developmental trajectory from the lowest to highest levels was not linear, but exhibited a rather irregular pattern. The results evidence that the use of conditionals is an outcome of the complex interaction of various factors including L2 proficiency, L1 structure, textual features, and possibly classroom instruction.
참고문헌 (23)
- Athanasiadou, A., "On conditionals again", pp.61~96 (1997), John Benjamins
- Bowerman, M., "On conditionals", pp.285~308 (1986), Cambridge University Press
- (2020)[URL]
- Coates, J., "The semantics of the modal auxiliaries" (1983), Croom Helm
- Collins, P., "Modals and quasi-modals in English" (2009), Rodopi
- Comrie, B., "On conditionals", pp.77~99 (1986), Cambridge University Press
- Dancygier, B., "Then in conditional constructions", Cognitive Linguistics, 8, pp.109~136 (1997)
- Diessel, H., "The ordering distribution of main and adverbial clauses : A typological study", Language, 77, pp.433~455 (2001)
- Ferguson, C., "On conditionals", pp.3~20 (1986), Cambridge University Press
- Ford, C., "On conditionals", pp.353~372 (1986), Cambridge University Press
- Gabrielatos, C., "If-conditionals as modal colligations: A corpus-based investigation", Proceedings of the Corpus Linguistics Conference: Corpus Linguistics 2007, pp.1~20 (2007), University of Birmingham
- Granger, S., "Learner English on computer", pp.3~18 (1998), Addison Wesley Longman
- Haiman, J., "Conditionals are topics", Language, 54, pp.564~589 (1978)
- Hasselgård, H., "Affaire(s) de grammaire. Mélanges offerts àMarianne Hobæk Haffà l'occasion de ses soixante-cinq ans", pp.185~204 (2014), Novus Forlag
- Hasselgård, H., "Conditional clauses in novice academic English : A comparison of Norwegian learners and native speakers", Nordic Journal of English Studies, 15, pp.95~112 (2016)
- 김지혜, "한국인 학습자 코퍼스와 원어민 코퍼스에 나타나는 if-조건문의 사용양상 비교", 영어학연구, 26(1), pp.85~108 (2020), 한국영어학학회[DOI]
- 고우경, "A Study on the Acquisition of If-Conditionals by Korean- & Spanish-speaking Learners of English", 영어교육, 68(1), pp.141~178 (2013), 한국영어교육학회[DOI]
- Larsen-Freeman, D., "The grammar book: Form, meaning and use for English language teachers" (2016), Heinle Cengage Learning
- Lock, G., "Functional English grammar: An introduction for second language teachers" (1996), Cambridge University Press
- 박용예, "The Use of Conditionals in Korean College EFL Students' Writing", 담화와 인지, 17(1), pp.45~67 (2010), 담화·인지언어학회[DOI]
- Parrott, M., "Grammar for English language teachers" (2000), Cambridge University press
- Quirk, R., "A comprehensive grammar of the English language" (1985), Longman
- Rhee, S-C., "Yonsei English learner corpus (YELC)", Paper presented at the First Yonsei Corpus Symposium (2012)