동물플랑크톤 군집의 수생태계 환경 평가 지표 활용: 부영양화 저수지 수질 평가를 위한 윤충류 기능성 그룹의 적용
Zooplankton Community as an Indicator for Environmental Assessment of Aquatic Ecosystem: Application of Rotifer Functional Groups for Evaluating Water Quality in Eutrophic Reservoirs
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초록
본 연구에서는 수생태계 환경 지표로써 윤충류 군집의 활용 가능성을 평가하기 위해 부영양화 진행 정도에 따른 윤충류 군집의 반응 양상을 분석하였다. 윤충류 군집의 시,공간적 분포와 수질과의 관계를 평가하기 위해 지리상 인접하게 위치해 있으나 수질 항목 및 부영양화 정도가 서로 다른 충청남도 소재의 전대저수지와 초대저수지를 연구 대상지로 선정하였다. 분석을 위해 두 저수지에서 2013년 4월부터 11 월까지 수질 및 윤충류 군집의 월별 조사를 실시하여 상관관계 분석 및 회귀 분석을 실시하였다. 윤충류군집은 종 조성과 기능성 그룹 조성으로 나누어 적용하였으며, 기능성 그룹의 경우 섭식 성향을 대변할 수있는 트로피(trophi)의 구조와 형태 및 개체 크기, 생태를 고려하여 분류하였다. 분석 결과, 종을 기반으로 한 조성의 경우 일관적인 경향이 나타나지 않았으나, 기능성 그룹 조성의 경우 부영양화 정도에 따른그룹 특이적 증감 경향이 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과는 수생태계, 특히 과영양 상태의 저수지에 대한 환경지표로써 윤충류 기능성 그룹 조성의 활용 가능성을 제시한다. 반면, 본 연구에서는 제한된 연구 지점에서의 현장 결과를 바탕으로 하고 있어, 향후 윤충류 기능성 그룹의 섭식 성향에 따른 환경 적응과 관련한추가 연구가 이루어진다면 윤충류 군집을 수생태계 내 다양한 변화의 모니터링과 평가 및 비교에 적용 가능할 것으로 여겨진다.
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed response patterns of rotifer community to eutrophic state, and estimated the applicability of rotifer community as an environmental indicator for highly eutrophicated reservoirs. In order to evaluate the relationships among spatial and temporal distributions and the water quality of rotifer community, we selected the Jundae Reservoir and Chodae Reservoir in Chungcheongnam-do, Korea, which are geographically adjacent but have different water quality, particularly in their eutrophic states. For the analyses on their correlations, monthly survey of water quality and rotifer community, was conducted from April to November 2013 in both reservoirs. The rotifer community was divided into different compositions of functional groups as well as species. Functional groups were classified according to the structure and shape of trophi which can represent feeding behavior of rotifer genus. To reflect ecological characteristics of species, body size and habitat preferences were also considered. Species-based composition did not show a consistent tendency with water quality parameters related with eutrophication. On the contrary, functional group composition showed relatively clear group-specific patterns, increasing or decreasing according to the parameters. The results suggest the possible application of rotifer functional group composition as an indicator for the lentic systems, especially hyper-eutrophicated reservoirs. The present study can suggest the applicability based on the field observations from the limited time scale and sites, and further studies on feeding behavior of the rotifer functional group and its interactions with environmental variables are necessary for the further application.
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