Presidential Leadership and Trust in Government Revisited: A Comparative Analysis of Presidents Reagan and Clinton
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Democracy cannot effectively operate without the trust of the people in their political institutions; nonetheless, declining trust in government has become an indisputable worldwide phenomenon. Researchers continue to study the causes of this trend and search for ways to reverse it. America experienced an upsurge in trust under the Reagan and Clinton presidencies. After analyzing the National Election Study data from 1980 to 1984, Citrin and Green reported that President Reagan's strong personal leadership raised trust in government during his time in office. The present study employed Citrin and Green's methodology to analyze the relationship between President Clinton's leadership and public trust in government in comparison with the case of President Reagan. The results suggest that President Clinton's personal leadership also contributed to the elevation of the level of public trust. The levels of trust, surprisingly, were more closely related to the respondents' perception of President Clinton's personal charisma than to his job performance or an evaluation of economic conditions, contradicting the commonsensical expectation that the strength of the economy played the key role in raising President Clinton's popularity. This supports Citrin and Green's claim that in a modern democracy, a president's image and the public's level of satisfaction in him relative to their expectations play pivotal roles in the success of a president's leadership and in elevating trust. The present study also discovered that the relative importance ascribed to the respective elements of presidential leadership is related to the chronology of the president's term. At the beginning of a term, the evaluation of the president's job performance or economic conditions was closely related to trust in government, whereas as the term elapsed, the president's persona became more important.
Abstract
Democracy cannot effectively operate without the trust of the people in their political institutions; nonetheless, declining trust in government has become an indisputable worldwide phenomenon. Researchers continue to study the causes of this trend and search for ways to reverse it. America experienced an upsurge in trust under the Reagan and Clinton presidencies. After analyzing the National Election Study data from 1980 to 1984, Citrin and Green reported that President Reagan's strong personal leadership raised trust in government during his time in office. The present study employed Citrin and Green's methodology to analyze the relationship between President Clinton's leadership and public trust in government in comparison with the case of President Reagan. The results suggest that President Clinton's personal leadership also contributed to the elevation of the level of public trust. The levels of trust, surprisingly, were more closely related to the respondents' perception of President Clinton's personal charisma than to his job performance or an evaluation of economic conditions, contradicting the commonsensical expectation that the strength of the economy played the key role in raising President Clinton's popularity. This supports Citrin and Green's claim that in a modern democracy, a president's image and the public's level of satisfaction in him relative to their expectations play pivotal roles in the success of a president's leadership and in elevating trust. The present study also discovered that the relative importance ascribed to the respective elements of presidential leadership is related to the chronology of the president's term. At the beginning of a term, the evaluation of the president's job performance or economic conditions was closely related to trust in government, whereas as the term elapsed, the president's persona became more important.
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