본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

그랜 토리노 속 몽(Hmong) 소년들의 인종화를 통해 나타난 백인 우월주의

Resurgence of White Supremacy through the Racialization of Hmong Boys in Gran Torino

0

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류영어와문학

초록

Clint Eastwood’s 2008 film Gran Torino (2008) features a story of a recently widowed Korean War veteran Walt Kowaski who set out father and son relationship with his Hmong neighbor, Thao and who eventually sacrificed himself for Thao’s future. Despite complimentary comments on such transformation of an one-time racist white old man Walt, however, he reveals his superior attitudes as American Whites in the process of racializing his Hmong neighbors including Thao and Spider-led Hmong gangs and wields his violence in maintaining his neo-conservative beliefs and values in the end. In this sense, this paper examines how white supremacy ideology works not only in Walt’s manning up of Thao as a model minority who will maintain the white-centered conservative values, but also in deporting Hmong gangs who threaten the neo-liberal order of color-blind meritocracy. This kind of conservative narrative can be persuasive through the performance by all-time respective movie star like Clint Eastwood and contributes to the maintenance of white supremacy.

Abstract

Clint Eastwood’s 2008 film Gran Torino (2008) features a story of a recently widowed Korean War veteran Walt Kowaski who set out father and son relationship with his Hmong neighbor, Thao and who eventually sacrificed himself for Thao’s future. Despite complimentary comments on such transformation of an one-time racist white old man Walt, however, he reveals his superior attitudes as American Whites in the process of racializing his Hmong neighbors including Thao and Spider-led Hmong gangs and wields his violence in maintaining his neo-conservative beliefs and values in the end. In this sense, this paper examines how white supremacy ideology works not only in Walt’s manning up of Thao as a model minority who will maintain the white-centered conservative values, but also in deporting Hmong gangs who threaten the neo-liberal order of color-blind meritocracy. This kind of conservative narrative can be persuasive through the performance by all-time respective movie star like Clint Eastwood and contributes to the maintenance of white supremacy.

참고문헌 (23)

  1. 서의석, "할리우드 영화에서 표현된 동아시아 오리엔탈리즘의 변화 그리고 탈식민주의 -영화 <그랜 토리노>를 중심으로-", 영화연구, (62), pp.133~177 (2014), 한국영화학회[DOI]
  2. 오영인, "미국 자유주의와 백인 미국 만들기― 20세기 전반 시민권 정책을 중심으로 ―", 사림, (47), pp.265~291 (2014), 수선사학회
  3. 이형식, "백인 남성성의 변화와 다문화 수용: <그랜 토리노>의 정치성", 문학과 영상, 17(1), pp.65~85 (2016), 문학과영상학회
  4. 조은비, "클린트 이스트우드의 개인주의적 윤리관 연구 : 영화 <그랜 토리노>를 중심으로", 아시아영화연구, 8(2), pp.149~170 (2016), 영화연구소[DOI]
  5. 정윤길, "포스트 9․11 시대와 이스트우드주의: <그랜 토리노>와 <아메리칸 스나이퍼>에 나타난 서부영화의 신화 내면화하기 연구", 영어권문화연구, 9(3), pp.227~255 (2016), 영어권문화연구소[DOI]
  6. Bonila-Silva, Eduardo, "From Bi-racial to Tri-racial: Towards a New System of Racial Stratification in the USA", Journal of Ethnic and Racial Studies, 27(6), pp.931~950 (2004)
  7. Eastwood, Clint, "dir. Gran Torino", ~ (2008)
  8. French, Philip, "Gran Torino", The Guardian, ~ (2009)
  9. Hainey, Michael, "Clint and Scott Eastwood: No Holds Barred in Their First Interview Together", Esquire, ~ (2016)
  10. Hamlin, Andrew, "Gran Torino’ Falls Short on Depiction of Hmong", Asianweekly, ~ (2008)
  11. Hoffman, Keven, "Gran Torino is Racist and Insensitive, says Hmong Writer", Citypages, ~ (2009)
  12. Lee, Mark. D, "Gran Torino: Next Door", ~ (2009)
  13. Lee, Stacey, "The Model Minority Maze: Hmong Americans Working Within and Around Racial Discourses", Journal of Southeast Asian American Education and Advancement, 12(2), pp.1~16 (2017)
  14. Levy, Emanuel, "Gran Torino: Interview with Clint Eastwood", manuellevy Cinema, ~ (2008)
  15. Lewis, Matthew, "Young and Hmong in a Detroit East Side Neighborhood", MLive, ~ (2013)
  16. Ong, Aihwa, "Cultural Citizenship as Subject-Making: Immigrants Negotiate Racial and Cultural Boundaries in the United States", Current Anthropology, 37(5), pp.737~762 (1999)
  17. The State of the Hmong American Community 2013: 2010 U.S. Census Report, "Pfeifer, Mark E.", Hmong National Development, ~ (2013)
  18. Ramos-Zayas, "Becoming American, Becoming Black? Urban Competence, Racialized Spces, and the Politics of Citizenship among Brazilian and Puerto Rican Youth in Newark", Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power, 14(1-2), pp.85~109 (2007)
  19. Roediger, David, "The Wage of Whiteness: Race and the Making the American Working Class" (1999), Verso
  20. Shein, Louisa, "Beyong Gran Torino's Guns : Hmong Cultural Warriors Performing Genders", Positions: Asia Critique, 20(3), pp.763~792 (2012)
  21. Varadarajan, Tunku, "A Hollywood Legend Talks Politics", Wall Street Journal, ~ (2020)
  22. Wei, William, "Generations of Youth: Youth Cultures and History in Twentieth-Century America", pp.311~326 (1998), New York UP
  23. Xiong, Yang Sao, "Hmong Americans’ Educational Attainment: Recent Changes and Remaining Challenges", Hmong Studies Journal, 13(2), pp.1~18 (2010)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (6건)