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국가와 이민정책: 미국의 이민법을 중심으로

한주희|최성수
한국아메리카학회 (The American Studies Association Of Korea)|2006.09|미국학 논집 (Journal of American Studies)|제38권 제2호|pp. 205-234

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참고문헌

키워드

이민법신자유주의미국이민정책Immigration PolicyAmericaNAFTA북미자유무역협정Immigration lawsNeoliberal globalization
주제분류영어와문학

초록

Abstract

Seong-soo Choi / Joo Hee HanSince the establishment of United States, from the formation period to today, there have been a few vicissitudes in immigration policies. We analyze these changes of immigration polices from the perspective of a state. A state has two equivalent roles to take. A state should not only be able to extract economic resources by which it can reproduce the sovereignty but also be able to gain political legitimacy from civil communities as well. However, it is hard to keep the balance between two roles because they often conflict each other. Changes of immigration policies of presidential regimes can be explained by this frame. Since the introduction of the first federal legislation in 1891, the government could have managed to regulate influx of immigrants with legal systems. Series of presidential regimes have applied generous or restrictive immigration policies in compliance with economic and political demands of that time. Since the adoption of inclusive policy in 1965, however, U.S. had kept relatively open attitudes toward immigration. When neoliberal globalization challenged prior conditions and environments, the U.S. government tried to find a new equilibrium between two roles a state assumes. NAFTA led U.S. to have experienced massive illegal immigration from Mexico. To extract more resources from capitalists, U.S. should be more generous to immigration so that capitalists could keep wages low. However, to gain legitimacy from the majority of Native Americans U.S. should be more restrictive to immigration so that Native Americans could secure their jobs and identities. As a result, U.S. governments have had contradictive immigration policies to find equilibrium point between such economic and political demands simultaneously.

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관련 논문AI추천

한국 이민정책의 탈민족화와 재민족화조화성사단법인 한국민족연구원 · 민족연구2009 · 제40호유럽연합 이민정책의 현황과 전망송태수사단법인 한국민족연구원 · 민족연구2009 · 제39호이민사회로의 전환 기로에서 짚어보는 쟁점들정현주한국공간환경학회 · 공간과 사회2023 · 제33권 제3호미국학의 이론과 실제정향진미국학연구소 · 미국학2006 · 제29권 미국의 국가: 국가성(Stateness)의 문제와 국가성의 충족체로서 혁신주의 국가손병권한국아메리카학회 · 미국학 논집2004 · 제36권 제2호북한주민의 대량 이주에 대비한 법정책론정영화통일연구원 · 통일정책연구1995 · 제4권 제2호

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