폐석탄광산 농경지(논) 토양개량복원 시 복토두께 조정에 따른 비소의 벼 전이효과 현장실증
Transfer of Arsenic from Soils to Rice Grains through Reducing the Thickness of Soil Covering in Soil Reclamation in an Abandoned Coal Mine Area
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초록
폐석탄광산 주변 농경지의 주요 토양오염물질은 비소이며, 폐금속광산과는 달리 그 오염수준이 관련 환경기준을 경미하게 초과하는 특성을 가진다. 이에 선행연구에서는 폐석탄광산 농경지의 토양개량·복원사업(안정화 처리 및 복토층 조성) 시 복토층 두께를 기존 40 cm에서 20 cm 두께로 낮추는 방안의 적용성을 실내 포트실험으로 확인한 바 있다. 금번 후속연구에서는 본 방안을 실제 농경지에서 벼 재배를 통해실증하였다. 4개월이 넘는 벼 재배기간 중 쌀알로 전이된 비소의 농도는 20 cm 두께의 복토 시 44% 이상의 전이감소율을 보였다. 특히 오염된 원지반을 안정화 처리한 후 복토한 경우엔 이의 감소율이 56%까지증가하였다. 따라서 본 실증연구를 통해 복토층 두께 20 cm의 적용성을 확인하였고, 이는 곧 복토재 사용량 감소로 인한 사업비 절감도 가능함을 시사한다.
Abstract
In Korea, a major contaminant of farmland soils in the vicinity of abandoned mines is arsenic, for which the general soil reclamation method is contaminated soil stabilization and cover the stabilized soil with clean soil at a thickness of 40 cm. In a previous pot experiment study we confirmed the feasibility of a lower thickness (20 cm) of covering soil for such reclamation in abandoned coal mines, where arsenic contamination levels are generally lowerthan in metal mines. In this subsequent study a field experiment including rice plant cultivation in field test plots was conducted. For over 4 months, the transfer of arsenic from the contaminated soil to the unpolished rice grains was reduced by 44% when a clean soil covering with a thickness of 20 cm was applied. The maximum decrease (56%) was shown when the stabilization process was performed before the covering. These results reveal a lower thickness of clean soil covering has a high feasibility and it can increase cost-efficiency in the reclamation of an abandoned coal mine.
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