Analysis of the Results from the Patch Test to Para-Phenylenediamine in the TRUE Test in Patients with a Hair Dye Contact Allergy
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Background: Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is the primarypatch test screening agent for hair dye contact allergy(HDCA). However, no recent studies have been publishedthat describe the results of reactions to patch tests usingPPD and hair dyes in Korea. Objective: To analyze the resultsof the patch tests to PPD using the thin-layer rapiduse epicutaneous (TRUE) Test system in patients withHDCA and to investigate patients’ awareness that hairdyes contains allergens, which cause the development ofHDCA. Methods: Eighty-four patients with suspectedHDCA (32 men and 52 women) underwent patch testingusing the TRUE Test system and their own hair dyes. Thepatients’ demographic data, behavior associated with hairdyeing, and clinical manifestations of HDCA were examinedretrospectively. Results: Positive patch-test reactionsto hair dyes occurred in 53.6% of patients who used hairdyes, and they were diagnosed with HDCA. Althoughthere was a significant correlation between HDCA andPPD sensitization (p=0.001), only 40% of the patientswith HDCA showed positive reactions to PPD. Of the 45patients diagnosed with HDCA, only 7 (15.6%) were awarethat their hair dyes contained allergens that caused HDCA. Conclusion: This study’s findings show that PPD is an effectiveHDCA marker. However, we propose that investigationson hair dye components other than PPD shouldbe conducted to develop and validate additional predictiveHDCA markers.
Abstract
Background: Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is the primarypatch test screening agent for hair dye contact allergy(HDCA). However, no recent studies have been publishedthat describe the results of reactions to patch tests usingPPD and hair dyes in Korea. Objective: To analyze the resultsof the patch tests to PPD using the thin-layer rapiduse epicutaneous (TRUE) Test system in patients withHDCA and to investigate patients’ awareness that hairdyes contains allergens, which cause the development ofHDCA. Methods: Eighty-four patients with suspectedHDCA (32 men and 52 women) underwent patch testingusing the TRUE Test system and their own hair dyes. Thepatients’ demographic data, behavior associated with hairdyeing, and clinical manifestations of HDCA were examinedretrospectively. Results: Positive patch-test reactionsto hair dyes occurred in 53.6% of patients who used hairdyes, and they were diagnosed with HDCA. Althoughthere was a significant correlation between HDCA andPPD sensitization (p=0.001), only 40% of the patientswith HDCA showed positive reactions to PPD. Of the 45patients diagnosed with HDCA, only 7 (15.6%) were awarethat their hair dyes contained allergens that caused HDCA. Conclusion: This study’s findings show that PPD is an effectiveHDCA marker. However, we propose that investigationson hair dye components other than PPD shouldbe conducted to develop and validate additional predictiveHDCA markers.
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