Antifungal Effects of Bee Venom Components on Trichophyton rubrum: A Novel Approach of Bee Venom Study for Possible Emerging Antifungal Agent
2
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background: Bee venom (BV) has been widely investigated for potential medical uses. Recent inadvertent uses of BV based products have shown to mitigate signs of fungal infections. However, the component mediating the antifungal effect has not been identified. Objective: This investigation compares bee venom in its whole and partial forms to evaluate the possible component responsible for the antifungal effect. Methods: Forty-eight plates inoculated with Trichophyton rubrum were allocated into four groups. The groups were treated with raw BV (RBV), melittin, apamin and BV based mist (BBM) respectively and each group was further allocated accordingly to three different concentrations. The areas were measured every other day for 14 days to evaluate the kinetic changes of the colonies. Results: The interactions of ratio differences over interval were confirmed in groups treated with RBV and BBM. In RBV, the level of differences were achieved in groups treated with 10 mg/100 μl (p=0.026) and 40 mg/100 μl (p=0.000). The mean difference of ratio in groups treated with RBV was evident in day 3 and day 5. The groups that were treated with melittin or apamin did not show any significant interaction. In BBM groups, the significant levels of ratio differences over time intervals were achieved in groups treated with 200 μl/100 μl (p=0.000) and 300 μl/100 μl (p=0.030). Conclusion: The the bee venom in its whole form delivered a significant level of inhibition and we concluded that the venom in separated forms are not effective. Moreover, BV based products may exert as potential antifungal therapeutics.
Abstract
Background: Bee venom (BV) has been widely investigated for potential medical uses. Recent inadvertent uses of BV based products have shown to mitigate signs of fungal infections. However, the component mediating the antifungal effect has not been identified. Objective: This investigation compares bee venom in its whole and partial forms to evaluate the possible component responsible for the antifungal effect. Methods: Forty-eight plates inoculated with Trichophyton rubrum were allocated into four groups. The groups were treated with raw BV (RBV), melittin, apamin and BV based mist (BBM) respectively and each group was further allocated accordingly to three different concentrations. The areas were measured every other day for 14 days to evaluate the kinetic changes of the colonies. Results: The interactions of ratio differences over interval were confirmed in groups treated with RBV and BBM. In RBV, the level of differences were achieved in groups treated with 10 mg/100 μl (p=0.026) and 40 mg/100 μl (p=0.000). The mean difference of ratio in groups treated with RBV was evident in day 3 and day 5. The groups that were treated with melittin or apamin did not show any significant interaction. In BBM groups, the significant levels of ratio differences over time intervals were achieved in groups treated with 200 μl/100 μl (p=0.000) and 300 μl/100 μl (p=0.030). Conclusion: The the bee venom in its whole form delivered a significant level of inhibition and we concluded that the venom in separated forms are not effective. Moreover, BV based products may exert as potential antifungal therapeutics.
참고문헌 (23)
- A-Reum Yu, "The Antifungal Activity of Bee Venom against Dermatophytes", Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry, 55(1), pp.7~11 (2012), 한국응용생명화학회
- Kwon YB, "Bee venom injection into an acupuncture point reduces arthritis associated edema and nociceptive responses", Pain, 90, pp.271~280 (2001)[DOI]
- Kim KS, "Effect of bee venom on aromatase expression and activity in leukaemic FLG 29.1 and primary osteoblastic cells", J Ethnopharmacol, 99, pp.245~252 (2005)[DOI]
- Peng XL, "Effects of intravenous Injections Paederiae and Stauntonia on spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia and inflammation induced by cutaneous chemical tissue injury in the rat", Sheng Li Xue Bao, 55, pp.516~524 (2003)
- Sangmi Han, "Antibacterial Activity of the Honey Bee Venom against Bacterial MastitisPathogens Infecting Dairy Cows", International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials, 14(2), pp.137~142 (2007), 한국잠사학회
- Kwon YB, "The water-soluble fraction of bee venom produces antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects on rheumatoid arthritis in rats", Life Sci, 71, pp.191~204 (2002)[DOI]
- Kim HW, "Acupoint stimulation using bee venom attenuates formalin-induced pain behavior and spinal cord fos expression in rats", J Vet Med Sci, 65, pp.349~355 (2003)[DOI]
- Lee SM, "Bee venom treatment for refractory postherpetic neuralgia: a case report", J Altern Complement Med, 20, pp.212~214 (2014)[DOI]
- Argiolas A, "Facilitation of phospholipase A2 activity by mastoparans, a new class of mast cell degranulating peptides from wasp venom", J Biol Chem, 258, pp.13697~13702 (1983)
- Akdis CA, "Epitope-specific T cell tolerance to phospholipase A2 in bee venom immunotherapy and recovery by IL-2 and IL-15 in vitro", J Clin Invest, 98, pp.1676~1683 (1996)[DOI]
- 한상미, "국내산 봉독의 주요성분 분석", Journal of Apiculture, 24(3), pp.175~178 (2009), 한국양봉학회
- Lee G, "Anti-Inflammatory applications of melittin, a major component of bee venom: detailed mechanism of action and adverse effects", Molecules, 21, pp.E616~ (2016)[DOI]
- Park C, "Melittin induces apoptotic features in Candida albicans", Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 394, pp.170~172 (2010)[DOI]
- An HJ, "Anti-fibrotic effect of natural toxin bee venom on animal model of unilateral ureteral obstruction", Toxins (Basel), 7, pp.1917~1928 (2015)[DOI]
- 이승배, "Antifungal Activity of Bee Venom and Sweet Bee Venom against Clinically Isolated Candida albicans", Journal of Pharmacopuncture, 19(1), pp.45~50 (2016), 대한약침학회[DOI]
- Han SM, "Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of honeybee (Apis mellifera) venom against acne-inducing bacteria", J Med Plants Res, 4, pp.459~464 (2010)
- Farghaly DS, "Effect of some honey bee and wasp products on some pathogenic bacteria and fungi: in vitro study", Middle East J Appl Sci, 6, pp.468~473 (2016)
- Apisariyakul A, "Antifungal activity of turmeric oil extracted from Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae)", J Ethnopharmacol, 49, pp.163~169 (1995)[DOI]
- Min Hee Lee, "Antifungal Activities of Dieckol Isolated from the Marine Brown Alga Ecklonia cava against Trichophyton rubrum", Applied Biological Chemistry, 53(4), pp.504~507 (2010), 한국응용생명화학회
- Arif T, "Natural products: anti-fungal agents derived from plants;Opportunity, challenge and scope of natural products in medicinal chemistry", pp.283~311 (2011)
- 지희윤, "In vitro Antifungal Activity of Limonene against Trichophyton rubrum", Mycobiology, 37(3), pp.243~246 (2009), 한국균학회
- Son DJ, "Therapeutic application of anti-arthritis, pain-releasing, and anti-cancer effects of bee venom and its constituent compounds", Pharmacol Ther, 115, pp.246~270 (2007)[DOI]
- Eiseman JL, "Effect of honeybee (Apis mellifera) venom on the course of adjuvant-induced arthritis and depression of drug metabolism in the rat", Biochem Pharmacol, 31, pp.1139~1146 (1982)[DOI]