집단지성 발현의 선행요인 검토
An Examination of Preconditions for the Creation of Collective Intelligence
0
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 기존 연구들에서 언급된 집단지성 발현의 선행요인들을 검증함으로써 관련분야 발전에 기여하는 것을 연구 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 집단지성 발현의 선행요건으로 과업의 복잡성과 의미성, 다양성, 경험에 대한 개방성, 커뮤니 케이션 독립성, 의사결정의 분권화, ICT(Information and Communication Technologies) 활용을 검토하였다. 연구가설 검 증을 위해 연구개발 사업부에 속한 구성원을 대상으로 200부의 설문지를 배포하였고, 회수된 198부 중에서 불성실한 13 개를 제외한 185개의 데이터를 최종 분석하였다. 분석결과, 과업의 의미성, 경험에 대한 개방성, 의사결정 분권화, ICT활 용이 각각 집단지성 발현에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 지각된 비유사성과 가치 다양성은 각각 집 단지성 발현에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 모든 변수들을 함께 고려했을 때, ICT 활용, 과업의 의미, 경험에 대한 개방성, 인지된 비유사성과 가치 다양성 순서로 집단지성 발현에 영향을 미치는 것을 발견하였다. 본 연구결과의 이론 및 실무적 시사점은 토의부분에서 자세히 분석하였다.
Abstract
This study aimed to reveal factors that contribute to the creation of collective intelligence (CI) and to provide a cornerstone for future studies on this subject. We hypothesized that effects of the complexity and meaningfulness of the task, diversity, openness to experience, independence, decentralization, and the use of information and communication technology (ICT) are preconditions for the creation of CI. To investigate these hypotheses, we surveyed 200 individuals in the research and development-based manufacturing industry and collected a total of 185 valid responses. The results of the analysis showed that the meaningfulness of the task, openness to experience, independence, decentralization, and the use of ICT had positive effects on CI. Both perceived dissimilarity and value diversity had negative effects on CI. When all variables were included, their significance for the creation of CI showed the following order: use of ICT, the meaningfulness of the task, openness to experience, perceived dissimilarity, and value difference. The theoretical and empirical implications of these results were discussed.
참고문헌 (39)
- 송윤희, "집단지성 측정도구 개발 및 타당화", 교과교육학연구, 20(5), pp.395~406 (2016), 교과교육연구소[DOI]
- 안효영, "집단 지성 기반 비즈니스 모델 사례 연구", Entrue Journal of Information Technology, 12(1), pp.151~164 (2013), 엘지씨엔에스
- 추철호, "새로운 삼성전기 기업문화개발 사례연구: 전문성과 실시간 소통을 통한 집단지성 극대화", Korea Business Review, 19(1), pp.57~83 (2015), 한국경영학회
- 추철호, "집단지성과 성과창출을 위한 통합적 개념틀 검토", 지식경영연구, 19(3), pp.173~187 (2018), 한국지식경영학회[DOI]
- 키스 소여, "그룹지니어스" (2011), 북섬
- 피에르 레비, "집단지성: 사이버 공간의 인류학을 위하여", pp.38~ (2002), 문학과 지성사
- Campion, M. A., "Interdisciplinary approaches to job design : A constructive replication with extensions", Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(3), pp.467~481 (1988)
- Catmull, E, "How Pixar fosters collective creativity", Harvard Business Review, pp.64~72 (2008)
- Costa, P. T, "NEO personality inventory professional manual" (1992), Psychological Assessment Resources
- Dainty, A. R. J, "Redefining performance measures for construction project managers: An empirical evaluation", Construction Management and Economics, 21(2), pp.209~218 (2003)
- Dean, J. W, "Integrated manufacturing and job design : Moderating effects of organizational inertia", Academy of Management Journal, 34(4), pp.776~804 (1991)
- Deci, E. L, "Self-determination in a work organization", Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(4), pp.580~590 (1989)
- Engel, D, "Reading the mind in the eyes or reading between the lines? Theory of Mind predicts collective intelligence equally well online and face-to-face", PLoS ONE, 9(12), pp.1~16 (2014)
- Feist, G. J, "A meta-analysis of the impact of personality on scientific and artistic creativity", Personality and Social Psychological Review, 2(4), pp.290~309 (1998)
- Gill, C. M, "Development and validation of the five-factor model questionnaire(FFMQ) : An adjectival-based personality inventory for use in occupational settings", Personnel Psychology, 60(3), pp.731~766 (2007)
- Hackman, J. R, "Work redesign" (1980), Reading
- Hobman, E. V, "Perceived dissimilarity and work group involvement : The moderating effects of group openness to diversity", Group and Organization Management, 29(5), pp.560~587 (2004)
- Hunton, J. E, "Effects of the user participation process and task meaningfulness on key information system outcomes", Management Science, 43(6), pp.797~812 (1997)
- Karasek, R. A, "Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain : Implications for job redesign", Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(2), pp.258~308 (1979)
- Kim, Y. J, "Work together, play smart : Collective intelligence in League of Legends teams", Paper Presented at the 2015 Collective Intelligence Conference (2015)
- Leadbeater, C, "We-think: Mass innovation, not mass production" (2009), Profile Books
- LLvy, P, "Collective intelligence : Mankind's emerging world in cyberspace" (1994), Basic Books
- Livingstone, R. M, "Models for understanding collective intelligence on Wikipedia", Social Science Computer Review, 34(4), pp.497~508 (2016)
- Locke, E. A, "A theory of goal setting and task performance" (1990), Prentice Hall
- Malone, T. W, "Is 'empowerment' just a fad? Control, decision-making, and information technology", Sloan Management Review, 2, pp.23~38 (1997)
- Malone, T. W, "The future of work: How the new order of business will shape your organization, your management style, and your life" (2004), Harvard Business School Press
- Malone, T. W, "The collective intelligence genome", MIT Sloan Management Review, 51(3), pp.21~31 (2010)
- McCrae, R. R, "Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(6), pp.1258~1265 (1987)[DOI]
- McCrae, R. R, "Handbook of personality psychology", pp.825~847 (1997), Academic Press
- Page, S. E, "The difference: How the power of diversity creates better groups, firms, schools and societies" (2007), Princeton University Press
- Podsakoff, P. M, "Common method biases in behavioral research : A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies", Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), pp.879~903 (2003)
- Rogers, C. R, "Toward a theory of creativity", ETC : A Review of General Semantics, 11(4), pp.249~260 (1954)
- Spreitzer, G. M, "Psychological empowerment in the workplace : Dimensions, measurement, and validation", Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), pp.1442~1465 (1995)
- Surowiecki, J, "The wisdom of crowds : Why the many are smarter than the few and how collective wisdom shapes business, economics, societies, and nations" (2004), Doubleday
- SvobodovL, A, "Collective intelligence and knowledge management as a tool for innovations", Economics and Management, 16, pp.942~946 (2011)
- Tapscott, D, "Wikinomics : How mass collaboration changes everything" (2008), Penguin Group
- Thomas, K. W, "Cognitive elements of empowerment : An 'interpretive' model of intrinsic task motivation", Academy of Management Review, 15(4), pp.666~681 (1990)
- Wood, R. E, "Task complexity as a moderator of goal effects : A meta-analysis", Journal of Applied Psychology, 72(3), pp.416~425 (1987)
- Zhang, W, "Openness to experience, job characteristics, and employee creativity : An interactionist perspective", Social Behavior and Personality : An International Journal, 48(4), pp.1~12 (2020)