山圖 制作技法을 통해 본 曹溪山仙巖寺大覺國師重創建圖 硏究

Abstract

「Monk Daegwak's Joongchanggundo」 is a documentary painting, which depicts terrain, seal engraving, and hermitage, by guessing the time when Uicheon Daesa had rebuilt Seonamsa. The 「Monk Daegwak's Joongchanggundo」 placed Seonamsa, which is an auspicious place, in the center of the picture. It describes the natural terrain surrounding Seonamsa relatively subtly but exaggerates the space of Seonamsa. This duality of scale distinctly reveals the characteristics of a mental map. The 「Monk Daegwak's Joongchanggundo」 outlines representations of mountains with solid lines. The inside of the solid lines is treated with Yongmukbup, which means coloring techniques by using various density of oriental ink and wash, and the density of ink reveals slope and dimensionality. It depicts water flows with three solid lines and omits Supamyo, which means detailed water patterns. It describes the architecture of Seonamsa by using a single axis, starting from the main gate, which is Iljumun and called Jogyemoon to the main hall called Daeungjeon, by passing through pavilions. The picture of 「Monk Daegwak's Joongchanggundo」 employs a perspective with a bird’s eye view, overlooking from above. and it utilizes a reverse perspective method, presenting major terrain features and architectures around Seonamsa. The space of Seonamsa is depicted with a viewpoint looking down from Daeoknyeobong toward Seonamsa. The composition of the picture clearly presents a central orientation through the flow of viewpoints and in addition it overcomes limitations of visual observation through a shift in perspective. Through mountain principles, 「Monk Daegwak's Joongchanggundo」 describes the topography, focusing on Janggunbong as the central point, which is Sojosan, as a space by presenting a form of Janggundaejwahyung and by expressing Daeoknyeobong as an inner sanctuary. Gyeolin, which is a symbolic sign with the fingers of Ilwolseok protecting the central vein starting from Janggundaejwa, indicates Ilwol of a sign of a truth, called Bupin. On the other hand, it symbolizes a seal called Injang in Feng Shui. In addition, the picture represents the Buddhist world by drawing Saminbong and Samindang. The 「Monk Daegwak's Joongchanggundo」 is a pictorial map employing a composing method of mountain map as a documentary painting including the context of Feng Shui. Through the pictorial map, this picture describes the architecture of Seonamsa and its surrounding terrain realistically. Thus, the 「Monk Daegwak's Joongchanggundo」 is a pictorial map, which includes not only a simple context of Feng Shui but also Buddhist ideology by using images and mountain principles.