노화에 따른 수면 생리 변화와 주요 노인 수면장애
Age-related Changes in Sleep Physiology and Common Sleep Disorders in Older Adults
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As individuals age, their sleep patterns and underlying physiological processes gradually change. While some of these modifications are normal adaptations to aging, others may increase the risk of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. This review examines age-related changes in sleep architecture, microstructure, and regulation of sleep homeostasis and discusses how these physiological alterations are associated with pathological sleep conditions and cognitive dysfunction. It further explores the clinical presentation, diagnostic considerations, and treatment strategies for prevalent sleep disorders in older adults, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. This review emphasizes that changes in sleep among the elderly should not be seen merely as consequences of normal aging, but should be carefully evaluated and addressed with individualized therapeutic approaches. This review aims to enhance the understanding of sleep physiology and sleep disorders in older adults and provide a foundation for clinical applications.
Abstract
As individuals age, their sleep patterns and underlying physiological processes gradually change. While some of these modifications are normal adaptations to aging, others may increase the risk of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. This review examines age-related changes in sleep architecture, microstructure, and regulation of sleep homeostasis and discusses how these physiological alterations are associated with pathological sleep conditions and cognitive dysfunction. It further explores the clinical presentation, diagnostic considerations, and treatment strategies for prevalent sleep disorders in older adults, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. This review emphasizes that changes in sleep among the elderly should not be seen merely as consequences of normal aging, but should be carefully evaluated and addressed with individualized therapeutic approaches. This review aims to enhance the understanding of sleep physiology and sleep disorders in older adults and provide a foundation for clinical applications.