감기에 대한 인식도 및 의료이용 행태
Patient's Perspective of Common Cold and Health Care Utilization
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연구 배경: 감기는 우리나라 의원의 다빈도 외래질환 중 1위 를 차지하고 있다. 본 연구는 일차의료 기관을 방문한 환자들 의 감기에 대한 인식과 의료이용 행태를 조사함으로써 환자 중심적 진료를 위하여 감기 환자들의 치료추구 행위를 어떻 게 이해하고, 어떻게 효과적으로 교육할 것이지 고찰해 보고 자 하였다. 방법: 한 대학병원 가정의학과 외래와 건강증진센터를 방문 한 환자 및 보호자 570명을 대상으로 감기의 원인, 증상, 치료 등에 대한 인식과 감기에 걸렸을 때 선호하는 의료이용 행태 에 관한 내용을 설문지법을 이용하여 조사하였다. 결과: 감기의 원인을 446명(85.3%)이 바이러스, 58명(11.3%) 이 세균, 18명(3.4%)이 기타라고 응답하였고, 264명(55.7%)이 감기 증상은 1-2주 지속된다고 인식하였다. 감기에 걸렸을 때 약물을 복용하는 경우는 475명(88.6%) 이었다. 약물 처방을 받 기 위해 285명(58.3%)은 의사를, 198명(40.5%)은 약사를 선호 한다고 응답하였다. 감기의 증상이 1주 이상 오래 갈 것으로 인식하는 경우에 의사를 방문하고자 하는 비율이 높았다. 환 자들은 ‘센’ 감기약을 항생제가 포함되어 있거나(54.4%), 감기 증세를 조기에 종료시키는 약(30.1%)으로 인식하고 있었다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과는 환자들의 감기에 대한 인식의 차이가 의료이용 행태에 영향을 주고 있다는 점을 보여주고 있다. 다 수의 응답자가 약물 복용 후에 증상이 좋아지지 않는 경우에 도 향후 치료 추구행위에서 지속적으로 의사의 진료를 받을 것을 선호하였다. 가정의학과 의사는 오직 처방전만 발급할 것이 아니라, 환자에게 올바른 정보를 제공하고 바른 인식을 갖도록 교육하여야 할 것이다.
Abstract
Background: Common cold is the most frequently seen ambulatory disease in primary care clinic of Korea. This study investigated the perspectives and expected pattern of health care utilization of patients who visit a primary care clinic in order to understand patients' health care behavior for treating common cold and to consider how to educate them effectively. Methods: We surveyed 570 patients and their accompanying people who visited family medicine clinic and the health promotion center of a university hospital by questionnaire, in which we asked the patients what they think of the cause, symptom, and treatment of common cold and their pattern of health care utilization. Results: The respondents replied that the cause of common cold was a virus (446, 85.3%), a bacteria (58, 11.3%) or others (18, 3.4%). Among the total, 475 respondents (88.6%) replied that they had taken cold medicine before and 264 respondents (55.7%) reported that the symptoms took 1-2 weeks to recover. A total of 285 respondents (58.3%) replied that they prefer red to go to the doctor and 198 (40.5%) replied that they prefer to go to a pharmacy. The respondents who thought that symptoms of common cold takes longer than one week tended to choose to visit a doctor. Patients thought that antibiotics (54.4%) and those that relieved common cold symptoms earlier (30.1%) were 'strong' cold medicine. Conclusion: The results of this survey showed that the difference in patients' perspectives made an effect on the patients' treatment seeking behavior. Even though medicine did not take effect to relieve symptoms, most patients wanted to continue to visit physicians. The family physician should not give only the prescription, but also make an effort to provide pertinent information to patients and educate them to acquire appropriate perspectives.
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