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The Association between Social Support and Happiness among Elderly in Iran

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Background: Elderly people’s life is affected by multiple factors including social support, which is of the utmost importance. This study aimed to explore the association between social support and happiness as well as the impactof types of social support on happiness among elders. Methods: This descriptive and analytical study was carried out on 411 elderly men and women referred to the retirement,cultural, and rehabilitation centers in Hamadan, west of Iran. Participants were selected by a multi-stagerandom sampling method. The research instrument included a questionnaire consisting of three parts: demographicinformation, the Oxford Argyle Happiness Inventory, and a Questionnaire derived from Social SupportTheory. The questionnaire was completed through a self-report study. The collected data were analyzed usingPearson correlation coefficients, multiple linear regression, independent t-tests, and one-way analysis of variancein IBM SPSS Software ver. 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results: The mean for happiness was reported as 41.17±15.2. The values given for social support were 29.40±11.95and for its dimensions were 7.53±3.89 and 13.70±4.90 for informational support and emotional support, respectively. Moreover, the mean value for appraisal support was 3.48±2.37 and was 4.70±2.56 for instrumental support. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that social support and demographic variables could account for approximately25% (R2=0.25) of changes in the variable of happiness. Conclusion: High social support could increase happiness among elders. The quality and quantity of social supportcan be taken into account as proper determinants and predictors of happiness among elders.

Abstract

Background: Elderly people’s life is affected by multiple factors including social support, which is of the utmost importance. This study aimed to explore the association between social support and happiness as well as the impactof types of social support on happiness among elders. Methods: This descriptive and analytical study was carried out on 411 elderly men and women referred to the retirement,cultural, and rehabilitation centers in Hamadan, west of Iran. Participants were selected by a multi-stagerandom sampling method. The research instrument included a questionnaire consisting of three parts: demographicinformation, the Oxford Argyle Happiness Inventory, and a Questionnaire derived from Social SupportTheory. The questionnaire was completed through a self-report study. The collected data were analyzed usingPearson correlation coefficients, multiple linear regression, independent t-tests, and one-way analysis of variancein IBM SPSS Software ver. 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results: The mean for happiness was reported as 41.17±15.2. The values given for social support were 29.40±11.95and for its dimensions were 7.53±3.89 and 13.70±4.90 for informational support and emotional support, respectively. Moreover, the mean value for appraisal support was 3.48±2.37 and was 4.70±2.56 for instrumental support. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that social support and demographic variables could account for approximately25% (R2=0.25) of changes in the variable of happiness. Conclusion: High social support could increase happiness among elders. The quality and quantity of social supportcan be taken into account as proper determinants and predictors of happiness among elders.

참고문헌 (26)

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