GM과 non-GM 작물의 공존제도의 정착을 위한 포장의 격리거리에 관한 고찰
Debates on the isolation distances to segregate fields with GM crops from fields with non-GM crops for the establishment of their coexistence
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초록
본 연구에서는 GM과 non-GM작물 특히 친환경 또는 유기농 작물이 인접하여 재배될 경우에 필연적으로 야기 될 GM작물의 오염을 최소화하기 위한 수단으로 가장 쉽 게 접근할 수 있는 상호간에 포장의 최소격리거리의 기 준에 관하여 검토하여 보았다. EU의 경우 GMO표시제 지침에서 명시한 비의도적혼입허용기준 (0.9%)을 포장, 유기농작물, 또는 채종용 포장에서는 보다 강화하여야 한다는 주장이 강하며 특히 친환경 또는 유기농 단체들 은 절대적으로 GMO-free 농산물을 요구하고 있다. 또한 최근 연구조사에 의하면 인접하여 재배중인 GM작물의 화분에 의한 타가수분이 GM농산물의 주된 오염요인으 로 밝혀지고 있어 국내의 경우에도 향후 GM작물의 재배 가 승인될 경우를 대비하여 GM포장과 non-GM작물 특히 유기농작물 또는 채종용 포장 등과의 격리거리에 관한 기준을 제시하기 위하여 관련 학자, 전문가 또는 관련단 체들과 함께 충분한 토의를 거쳐야 할 것으로 사료되었다.
Abstract
The coexistence policy of GM and non-GM crops is still on the debates in EU since “the recommendation on guidelines for the development of national strategies and best practices to ensure the coexistence of GM crops with conventional and organic farming” has been reported in 2003. The major issues are maximum tolerance level of GMO admixture and minimum isolation distances of GM fields with others including conventional, organic and seeds production. Majority of member states in EU proposed that the tolerance level of GMO admixture must be more strictly controlled, in particular in the fields for organic crops and seeds production. To this end, it was proposed that minimum isolation distances to segregate GM crops from fields with organic crops and seeds production need to be further extended than those of conventional crops since cross pollination with other crops adjacent GM fields is known as the most prevalent source for GMO contamination. In these circumstances, it is strongly suggested that the current legislations need to be revised including the minimum isolation distances of fields for each species before field cultivation for a commercial GM crop is approved for the first time in South Korea.
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