본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

인구통계학적 특성에 따른 항공사 객실승무원의 일-가정 갈등과 균형에 대한 차이 분석

The Exploratory Study of Flight Attendant’s Work-family Conflict and Balance by Demographic Characteristics

이종호
한국호텔리조트학회 (Korea Hotel & Resort Association)|2019.02|호텔리조트연구 (Journal of Hotel & Resort)|제18권 제1호|pp. 191-214

0

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

Work-family conflictWork-family balanceFlight attendants
주제분류관광학

초록

This paper examines the flight attendant’s work-family conflict(WFC, FWC) and work-family balance( WFB, FWB) by demographic variables(gender, marriage, age, education level, work period, and status). Work-family conflict is defined as a form of inter role conflict in which the role pressures from the work and family domains are mutually incompatible in some respect(Greenhaus & Beutell, 1985). Work-family balance is defined as accomplishment of role-related expectations that are negotiated and shared between an individual and his or her role-related partners in the work and family domains(Grzywacz & Carlson, 2007). Li, Bagger & Cropanzanu(2017) define the term ‘family’ broadly, considering it as a larger, nonwork entity that includes responsibilities towards spouses, children, nonmarried partners, and home life in general. Work refers to the engagement of physical and mental activities in order to meet one’s responsibilities in a paid/unpaid job. The data was obtained from a survey of 328 flight attendants of a major airline company and measured by SPSS. The findings are as follows: First, there were significant differences in WFC, WFB and FWB by gender. Second, WFC and FWC, WFB and FWB were differed by marriage. Third, there were only significant differences in WFC and FWC by age. Fourth, there were only difference in WFC by education level. Fifth, WFC and FWC, WFB and FWB were differed by work period. Lastly, there were only significant differences in WFC and FWC by status., there were only significant differences in WFC and FWC by age. fourth, there were only difference in WFC by education level. fifth, WFC and FWC, WFB and FWB were differed by work period. lastly, there were only significant differences in WFC and FWC by status. This research will be a stepping stone for the future study of work-family conflict and work-family balance by demographic characteristics.

Abstract

This paper examines the flight attendant’s work-family conflict(WFC, FWC) and work-family balance( WFB, FWB) by demographic variables(gender, marriage, age, education level, work period, and status). Work-family conflict is defined as a form of inter role conflict in which the role pressures from the work and family domains are mutually incompatible in some respect(Greenhaus & Beutell, 1985). Work-family balance is defined as accomplishment of role-related expectations that are negotiated and shared between an individual and his or her role-related partners in the work and family domains(Grzywacz & Carlson, 2007). Li, Bagger & Cropanzanu(2017) define the term ‘family’ broadly, considering it as a larger, nonwork entity that includes responsibilities towards spouses, children, nonmarried partners, and home life in general. Work refers to the engagement of physical and mental activities in order to meet one’s responsibilities in a paid/unpaid job. The data was obtained from a survey of 328 flight attendants of a major airline company and measured by SPSS. The findings are as follows: First, there were significant differences in WFC, WFB and FWB by gender. Second, WFC and FWC, WFB and FWB were differed by marriage. Third, there were only significant differences in WFC and FWC by age. Fourth, there were only difference in WFC by education level. Fifth, WFC and FWC, WFB and FWB were differed by work period. Lastly, there were only significant differences in WFC and FWC by status., there were only significant differences in WFC and FWC by age. fourth, there were only difference in WFC by education level. fifth, WFC and FWC, WFB and FWB were differed by work period. lastly, there were only significant differences in WFC and FWC by status. This research will be a stepping stone for the future study of work-family conflict and work-family balance by demographic characteristics.

참고문헌 (72)

  1. 고선희, "항공사 승무원의 역할스트레스가 직장 - 가정갈등에 미치는 영향 - 사회적지원의 조절효과 -", 관광연구, 31(1), pp.1~18 (2016), 대한관광경영학회
  2. 가영희, "성인의 직장-가정갈등이 영역별 만족도와 주관적 삶의 질에 미치는 영향", 한국심리학회지:여성, 11(2), pp.163~186 (2006), 한국여성심리학회
  3. 강혜련, "기혼여성 직장-가정 갈등의 예측변수와 결과변수에 관한 연구", 한국심리학회지, 6(1), pp.23~42 (2001)
  4. 김선희, "공공조직에서 여성의 일-가정 갈등(WFC) 결정요인 분석", 행정논총, 48(1), pp.171~196 (2010), 한국행정연구소
  5. 김준기, "기혼여성의 일-가정 양립에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석: 사회적 지원의 효과를 중심으로", 행정논총, 50(4), pp.251~280 (2012), 한국행정연구소
  6. 김진희, "남성과 여성의 일·가족 전이와 관련 요인", Human Ecology Research, 40(11), pp.55~69 (2002), 대한가정학회
  7. 김화연, "공공 및 민간 조직의 가족친화제도가 여성 근로자들의 일-가정 갈등에 미치는 영향: 남편의 도구적 지지와 가족의 정서적 지지의 조절효과를 중심으로", 한국행정논집, 27(2), pp.483~511 (2015), 한국정부학회
  8. 김현욱, "직무관련 변인이 일-가정 갈등에 미치는 영향과 조직몰입 및 직무열의에 대한 일-가정 갈등의 효과", 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 22(2), pp.155~182 (2009), 한국산업및조직심리학회[DOI]
  9. 뉴스핌, "항공업계도 ‘워라밸’바람..유연근무제 도입 확산", ~ (2018)
  10. 문화뉴스, "워라밸 찾는 젊은 세대, 어떻게 해결할 수 있나?", ~ (2018)
  11. 아주경제, "국민소득에 가려진 국민총행복 지수", ~ (2019)
  12. 안명숙, "가정-일 갈등 및 균형이 객실승무원의 정서노동에미치는 영향", 외식경영연구, 17(4), pp.267~294 (2014), 한국외식경영학회
  13. 안명숙, "항공사 객실승무원의 감정노동전략이 직무성과와 삶의 만족에 미치는 영향", 호텔리조트연구, 16(2), pp.151~173 (2017), 한국호텔리조트학회
  14. 이데일리, "직장인 일주일 평균 ‘53시간 근무...“근무시간 단축 필요해”", ~ (2017)
  15. 이종민, "항공사 기혼 객실여승무원의 직장-가정 갈등과 직무만족, 생활만족 및 이직의도와의 관계 연구", 관광경영연구, 18(3), pp.227~247 (2014), 관광경영학회
  16. 이종호, "항공사 객실승무원의 가정-일 갈등 및 균형이 직무스트레스와 이직의도에 미치는 영향", 관광연구, 32(4), pp.151~173 (2017), 대한관광경영학회
  17. 이종호, "항공사 객실승무원의 일-가정 균형과LMX, TMX, 삶의 만족의 관계", 호텔리조트연구, 17(2), pp.185~204 (2018), 한국호텔리조트학회
  18. 이주일, "직장-가정 갈등의 세대 차이와 직장-가정 갈등이 복에 미치는 영향: 직장여성의 경우", 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 23(3), pp.471~501 (2010), 한국산업및조직심리학회[DOI]
  19. 임효창, "기혼직장인의 직장-가정갈등의 원인과 결과에 관한 연구", 경영학연구, 34(5), pp.1417~1443 (2005), 한국경영학회
  20. 장재윤, "직장-가정간 갈등이 삶의 만족 및 직무 태도에 미치는 효과에 있어서의 성차:우리나라 관리직 공무원들을 대상으로", 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 9(1), pp.23~42 (2003), 한국문화및사회문제심리학회
  21. 정영금, "기혼취업여성의 일-가족 갈등과 여파에 관한 연구", 가정과삶의질연구, 23(4), pp.113~122 (2005), 가정과삶의질학회
  22. 조주은, "항공사 서비스 직원의 일-가정 갈등에 대한 인식 차이분석", 관광연구저널, 28(6), pp.243~253 (2014), 한국관광연구학회
  23. 중앙일보, "워라밸은 ‘일삶균형’", ~ (2018)
  24. 최명선, "기혼여성 항공사 객실승무원의 직장과 가정 간 갈등이 직무만족에 미치는 영향", 관광학연구, 37(3), pp.169~188 (2013), 한국관광학회
  25. 최항석, "항공사 승무원이 지각하는 직장-가정갈등이 직무스트레스에 미치는 영향", 경상논총, 36(1), pp.79~95 (2018), 한독경상학회[DOI]
  26. 최현정, "호텔 기혼 남성 직원의 일-가정 갈등에 관한 연구", 호텔리조트연구, 13(1), pp.185~205 (2014), 한국호텔리조트학회
  27. 파이낸셜뉴스, "직장인 10명 중 7명 ‘가정과 직장 사이에서 갈등 경험’", ~ (2018)
  28. 한국경제, "대한항공, 최대 3년 상시휴직제...임산부 전용 주차장도", ~ (2018)
  29. CEO스코어데일리, "9개 국적항공사 객실승무원 월평균 근무시간 82.7시간", ~ (2018)
  30. Adams, G. A., "Relationships of job and family involvement, family social support, and work–family conflict with job and life satisfaction", Journal of applied psychology, 81(4), pp.411~ (1996)
  31. Allen, T. D., "Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict : a review and agenda for future research", Journal of occupational health psychology, 5(2), pp.278~ (2000)
  32. Anderson, S. E., "Formal organizational initiatives and informal workplace practices : Links to work-family conflict and job-related outcomes", Journal of management, 28(6), pp.787~810 (2002)
  33. Aryee, S., "Rhythms of life : antecedents and outcomes of work-family balance in employed parents", Journal of applied psychology, 90(1), pp.132~146 (2005)
  34. Bakker, A. B., "How job demands affect partners'experience of exhaustion : Integrating work-family conflict and crossover theory", Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(4), pp.901~ (2008)
  35. Bretz Jr, R. D., "The role of human resource systems in job applicant decision processes", Journal of Management, 20(3), pp.531~551 (1994)
  36. Burke, R. J., "Occupational and life stress and the family", Small Group Behavior, 12, pp.329~375 (1981)
  37. Carlson, D. S., "Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work–family conflict", Journal of Vocational behavior, 56(2), pp.249~276 (2000)
  38. Carlson, D. S., "Measuring the positive side of the work–family interface : Development and validation of a work–family enrichment scale", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68(1), pp.131~164 (2006)
  39. Carlson, D. S., "Pay it forward : The positive crossover effects of supervisor work—family enrichment", Journal of Management, 37(3), pp.770~789 (2011)
  40. Clarke, M. C., "The work‐family interface : differentiating balance and fit", Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 33(2), pp.121~140 (2004)
  41. Eby, L. T., "Work and family research in IO", OB : Content analysis and review of the literature(1980–2002), 2005, pp.66(1), 124~197
  42. Edwards, J. R., "Mechanisms linking work and family : Clarifying the relationship between work and family constructs", Academy of management review, 25(1), pp.178~199 (2000)
  43. Forbes, "The Five Things Successful Working Parents Give Up To Reach A Work-Life Balance", ~ (2014)
  44. Ford, M. T., "Work and family satisfaction and conflict : a meta-analysis of cross-domain relations", Journal of applied psychology, 92(1), pp.57~ (2007)
  45. Friedman, S. D., "Work and family--allies or enemies?: what happens when business professionals confront life choices" (2000), Oxford University Press
  46. Frone, M. R., "Handbook of occupational health psychology", pp.143~162 (2003), American Psychological Association
  47. Greenhaus, J. H., "Sources of conflict between work and family roles", Academy of management review, 10(1), pp.76~88 (1985)
  48. Greenhaus, J. H., "The relation between work–family balance and quality of life", Journal of vocational behavior, 63(3), pp.510~531 (2003)
  49. Greenhaus, J. H., "When work and family are allies : A theory of work-family enrichment", Academy of management review, 31(1), pp.72~92 (2006)
  50. Grzywacz, J. G., "Work, family, and mental health : Testing different models of work‐family fit", Journal of Marriage and Family, 65(1), pp.248~261 (2003)
  51. Grzywacz, J. G., "Conceptualizing work—family balance : Implications for practice and research", Advances in developing human resources, 9(4), pp.455~471 (2007)
  52. Grzywacz, J. G., "Reconceptualizing the work–family interface : An ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and family", Journal of occupational health psychology, 5(1), pp.111~ (2000)
  53. Gutek, B. A., "Rational versus gender role explanations for work-family conflict", Journal of applied psychology, 76(4), pp.560~ (1991)
  54. Hammer, L. B., "The longitudinal effects of work-family conflict and positive spillover on depressive symptoms among dual-earner couples", Journal of occupational health psychology, 10(2), pp.138~ (2005)
  55. Higgins, C., "Part‐time work for women: Does it really help balance work and family?. Human Resource Management: Published in Cooperation with the School of Business Administration", The University of Michigan and in alliance with the Society of Human Resources Management, 39(1), pp.17~32 (2000)
  56. Karatepe, O. M., "Antecedents and outcomes of work–family facilitation and family–work facilitation among frontline hotel employees", International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27(4), pp.517~528 (2008)
  57. Karatepe, O. M., "The effects of work role and family role variables on psychological and behavioral outcomes of frontline employees", Tourism management, 27(2), pp.255~268 (2006)
  58. Keene, J. R., "Predictors of perceived work-family balance : Gender difference or gender similarity?", Sociological Perspectives, 47(1), pp.1~23 (2004)
  59. Lapierre, L. M., "Work-supportive family, family-supportive supervision, use of organizational benefits, and problem-focused coping : implications for work-family conflict and employee well-being", Journal of occupational health psychology, 11(2), pp.169~ (2006)
  60. Madsen, S., "The complexification of work-family conflict theory : A critical analysis", Tamara: Journal for Critical Organization Inquiry, 4(2) (2013)
  61. McNall, L. A., "Flexible work arrangements, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions : The mediating role of work-to-family enrichment", The Journal of psychology, 144(1), pp.61~81 (2009)
  62. Michel, J. S., "Antecedents of work–family conflict : A meta‐analytic review", Journal of organizational behavior, 32(5), pp.689~725 (2011)
  63. Milkie, M. A., "Playing all the roles: Gender and the work-family balancing act", Journal of Marriage and the Family, pp.476~490 (1999)
  64. Netemeyer, R. G., "Development and validation of work–family conflict and family–work conflict scales", Journal of applied psychology, 81(4), pp.400~ (1996)
  65. Nunnally, J., "Psychometric methods", ~ (1978)
  66. Pleck, J. H., "The work-family role system", Social problems, 24(4), pp.417~427 (1977)
  67. Pleck, J. H., "Conflicts between work and family life", Monthly Lab. Rev, 103, pp.29~ (1980)
  68. Rothbard, N. P., "Enriching or depleting? The dynamics of engagement in work and family roles", Administrative science quarterly, 46(4), pp.655~684 (2001)
  69. Voydanoff, P., "Work role characteristics, family structure demands, and work", family conflict, 1988, 749~761
  70. Voydanoff, P., "Work demands and work-to-family and family-to-work conflict : Direct and indirect relationships", Journal of Family Issues, 26(6), pp.707~726 (2005)
  71. Voydanoff, P., "Social integration, work‐family conflict and facilitation, and job and marital quality", Journal of marriage and family, 67(3), pp.666~679 (2005)
  72. Zhang, J., "Antecedents of work-family conflict : Review and prospect", International journal of business and management, 6(1), pp.89~ (2010)

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (19건)

호텔전공학생들의 취업선호요인에 대한 연구김건pp. 5-17제주도게스트하우스이용객의 지각 가치가 인적서비스 품질과 고객충성도에 미치는 영향 연구김주희, 박인실pp. 19-37호텔기업의 커뮤니케이션이 직무열의 및 직무성과에 미치는 영향 - 서울시내 5성급 호텔 식음료부서를 중심으로 -오석윤pp. 39-56치유농업의 관광상품화를 위한 전략적 접근방안 연구김용완, 이웅규pp. 57-82여행사의 직무교육이 직무수행능력과 조직몰입에 미치는 영향임소영, 천덕희, 김맹진pp. 83-95
원문 보기