야스퍼스의 실존적 상호소통에 기초한 난민문제에 대한 고찰

Abstract

The refugee problem, being a political issue, calls for a philosophical approach in that conflicts arise from the encounters of two different cultures. The conflict should be resolved on the premise that there be sufficient understanding and communication between the two parties. However, today's refugee policies try to deal with the problem only through legal and institutional revamping, ruling out the two subjects of interaction, 'refugees' and ‘residents'. Even in Europe, which has been a leader in human rights and has showed tolerance to other cultures, the refugee problem is getting worse as a conflict and lacks effort of communication. In South Korea, although people have experienced similar problems of 'Saeteomin’ (North Korean defectors), the refugee problem was thought to be one step removed. However, a violent controversy has been triggered by the "Yemen Refugee Application in Jeju Island” in 2018. The prejudiced government's legal and institutional policies remain unchanged on the treatment and qualification criteria of the refugees, viewing the problem as a clash of mutually disjoint rights of refugees and residents. This kind of view is becoming a stumbling block to the fundamental solution. Therefore, in this study, we define the disputes surrounding refugees as a problem of fear and conflict caused by the absence of communication between heterogeneous social groups. In order to increase the likelihood of healing the psychological suffering caused by those conflicts, through the philosophical counseling and practice based on Jaspers' existential communication, we proceed the discussion as follows: In chapter 1 and 2, we identify the definition of refugees and review the passage of international refugee problems. In chapter 3, we claim that conflict between refugees and residents originates from the philosophical problem of the absence of existential communication. We identify the philosophical character of the conflict by analyzing the case of counseling a settled refugee youth in Germany and parsing the stance opposing the refugee acceptance in South Korea. In chapter 4, we consider through existence elucidation that the conflict surrounding the refugee problem can fundamentally be resolved by the parties involved, based on Jaspers' existential communication theory. In the last chapter, an attitude for their existential communication will be presented.