국내 세 개 지역 고등학생에서 과체중과 천식증상 및 알레르기 질환의 연관성
The Relation of Overweight to Asthma and Other Allergic Diseases in High School Students in Korea
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연구배경: 전세계적으로 비만과 알레르기질환의 유병률이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국 청소년 표본집단에서 과 체중과 천식, 아토피피부염, 알레르기비염, 알레르기 결막염 의 유병률 사이의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 천식과 알레르기질환의 증상을 국제 소아천식 및 알레 르기질환 역학조사(International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, ISAAC) 연구의 설문지를 이용해 우리나라 3개 지 역고등학생 1,499명을 대상으로 조사하였다. 결과: 남학생의 경우 과체중군에서 태어나서 한 번 이상의 천 명 경험(21.2% vs. 15.7%, P=0.04), 최근 12개월 이내 천명 경험 (4.5% vs. 2.0%, P=0.04)과 운동에 의한 천명 경험(13.8% vs. 9.3%, P=0.04) 및 천식치료력(3.3% vs. 1.1%, P=0.01), 알레르기비염 증상(11.0% vs. 5.1%, P=0.001)의 유병률이 정상체중군보다 유 의하게 높았다. 그러나 남녀 모두에서 아토피피부염, 알레르 기 결막염의 증상과 과거력의 유병률은 정상체중군과 과체중 군 간에 차이가 없었다. 과체중 남학생은 정상 체중군에 비해 한 번 이상의 천명 경험(OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.05-2.24)과 최근 12 개월 이내 운동에 의한 천명 경험(OR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.05-2.55) 의 위험이 증가하였다. 결론: 우리나라 고등학교 남학생에서 과체중은 천식 증상 및 알레르기비염 증상이 발생하는데 유의한 관련요인이다. 반면 여학생에서는 과체중이 알레르기 질환의 유의한 요인이 아니 었다.
Abstract
Background: The worldwide prevalence of obesity and allergic diseases has increased. We aimed to explore the relation of overweight to asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis in a sample of Korean adolescents. Methods: We investigated the prevalence of symptoms of asthma and other allergic diseases by using a modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. The survey was conducted among 1,499 high school students in 3 regions of Korea. Results: The lifetime prevalence of wheezing (21.2% vs. 15.7%, P = 0.04), the 12 months-prevalence of wheezing (4.5% vs. 2.0%, P = 0.04), exercise induced wheezing (13.8% vs. 9.3%, P = 0.04), treatment of asthma (3.3% vs. 1.1%, P = 0.01) and the prevalence of symptoms of allergic rhinitis (11.0% vs. 5.1%, P = 0.001) were signifi cantly higher in overweight boys than normal weight boys, but not in girls. However, there were no signifi cant differences of the prevalence of symptoms and past history of atopic dermatitis and allergic conjunctivitis between overweight and normal weight groups. In boys, overweight increased the risk of the lifetime prevalence of wheezing (OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.05-2.24) and 12 monthsprevalence of exercise induced wheezing (OR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.05-2.55) after adjusting for confounding variables. Conclusion: Overweight could be a risk factor for the development of symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis in adolescent boys, whereas it was not a signifi cant risk factor for allergic diseases in girls.
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