체중 조절 관리 프로그램 시행 후 체중감소와 자기효능감과의 관련성
The Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Body Weight Reduction after Educational Program for Health Care
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연구배경: 비만은 전 세계적으로 가장 심각한 건강 관련 문제 중의 하나이다. 비만은 심혈관 질환 및 사망률 증가를 비롯해 정신적, 감정적 문제와의 관련성이 제시되고 있다. 자기효능감(self-ecacy)과 신체적 자기효능감(physical self-ecacy)은건강관련 행위를 선택하고 지속시키는데 직접적인 영향을 주는 요인으로 식이와 운동습관에서의 문제행위를 건강한 방향으로 전환시키는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 이에 본 연구는 체중조절 관리 프로그램 시행 후 체중감소가 자기효능감 및 신체적 자기효능감 개선에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 본 연구를시행하였다. 방법: 2005년 5월부터 2005년 11월까지 부산에 소재한 일개보건소에서 시행한 체중 조절 관리프로그램에 참여한 39명을대상으로 하였다. 체중 조절 관리 프로그램 시행 전후의 비비만군과 비만군의 자기효능감 및 신체적 자기효능감을 평가하였으며, 체중 조절 관리 프로그램 시행 후 체중 감량정도에 따른 차이를 비교하였다. 결과: 프로그램 시행 전 비만군에서 비비만군에 비해 불안척도는 유의하게 높았으며 비만군의 경우 초기 체중의 5% 미만으로 체중 감소가 일어난 군에서는 프로그램 시행 후 신체적자기효능감, 삶의 질은 낮았다(P<0.05). 초기 체중의 5% 이상의 체중 감소가 일어난 군에서는 건강관리프로그램 시행 후신체적 자기효능감의 유의한 개선이 관찰되었으며(P<0.05),자기효능감은 두 군 모두에서 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 결론: 비비만군보다는 비만군에서 그리고, 비만군에서도 초기체중의 5% 이상의 체중 감소가 일어난 군에서 유의한 신체적 자기효능감의 개선이 관찰되었다. 본 연구에서 비만 환자에서 체중감소가 신체적 자기효능감의 개선에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음이 관찰되었다.
Abstract
Background: Obesity is one of the health problems with high risk of metabolic and physiologic morbidity worldwide. Obesity increases cardiovascular disease risk and death as well as psychological and emotional health problems. Selfefficacy and physical self-efficacy are important evaluation tools for successful diet and exercise in obesity diet practice and it is directly associated with health behaviors. This study conducted to evaluate the effect of weight loss on selfefficacy and life quality. Methods: The 39 adults who joined in weight control program in one public health center were recruited into this study. Quality of life, depression scale, anxiety scale, self-efficacy and physical self-efficacy were examined. Also physical performance ability and weight and lipid profile were examined. Statistical analysis obtained by SPSS. Results: Quality of life and anxiety scale were significantly diminished in obese subjects than non-obese subjects. Quality of life was increased after weight control program in obese subjects. Physical self-efficacy was improved in weight reduction group with much more than 5% of initial weight. Conclusion: Weight reduction has positive impact on psychological aspects in obese subjects. Therefore, we should be more concerned about psychological and functional aspect of obese individuals during weight control treatment.
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