구봉 송익필 직(直)사상의 기호유학에서의 전승연구

Abstract

The thought of Jik(直) is called as a fundamental teaching(宗旨) of Confucian thought, the heart of heart study(心法), and the best important methodology of teaching(旨訣). In addition, it was called as ‘respecting inner side of the mind through Jik(敬以直內)’ in 『Zhouyi(The Book of Changes)』 and Confucius said human's being born was the Jik in 『Analects of Confucius』. Also, Mencius said that developing great spirit(浩然之氣) was nurtured through the Jik. Another definition of the Jik is from Jeongmyeongdo who said a fairly contested Jik between the earth and the sky. In addition, Juja left Dharma of mind which was bequeathed by the sages as a Jik letter by his will. Among Confucian scholars of the Joseon Dynasty, Gubong Ikpil Song(1534~1599) inherited the Jik to one of his disciples, Jangsaeng Kim, by giving him a writing of 「KimEunJaJikBaekSeol」. Even more, the Jik was succeeded by a few scholars of the Confucianism of Giho School including Siyeol Song and by modern era scholars of the Confucianism of Giho School such as Sangha Kwon, Bonggu Yun, Wonhang Kim, Yeounwon Park, Jikpil Hong, and Woo Jeon. Even though scholars of the Joseon Dynasty mentioned about the Jik from the end of Goryeo, most was not off the point of description of 『Zhouyi(The Book of Changes)』 and 『Simgyeong(The Mind)』. However, a comprehensive analysis of this study shows that the thought of Jik succeeded from Gubong Ikpil Song to the Confucianism of Giho School not only fully covers the thoughts of Jik from Confucius, Mencius, Cheng, and Zhuxi but also is succeeded with adding their own opinions about title, nick name, letter, and the name of rooms for reading(書齋名). These characteristics can be seen as an academic way of give and take, succeeding the essence of a discipline between teachers and students, showing unique way of succeeding. In this sense, among Confucian scholars of the Joseon Dynasty, the legacy of the thought of Jik from Confucius, Mencius, Cheng, and Zhuxi is continued by Gubong Ikpil Song. Moreover, the academic distinct characteristics of its legacies can be said that they have been learned and succeeded from Confucianism of Giho School to scholars of modern "Confucianism of Giho School. In conclusion, it is necessary to establish correct academic status of Gubong's thought of Jik on the perspective of the Confucianism of Giho School and to explore it again on the perspective of Korean Confucianism history of thought.