왕양명 심즉리(心卽理)와 그 도덕교육적 의미

Abstract

This paper aims to demonstrate that Sim jeuk ri[心卽理:mind is the principle] is fundamentally educational declaration, and that what did the argument come from any educational perspective? It is a matter of common knowledge that Wang Yangming advocated Sim jeuk ri against Chu Hsi’s moral education. So, What is Wang’s complaints? For c​oming up with answers to these question, Firstly, I examined that how Wang announced Sim jeuk ri, and that what is the meaning of Sim jeuk ri. Secondly, I pursued the expansive 4 expressions of Sim jeuk ri. Those are Sim oe mu ri[心外無理:There is no principle without mind], Sim oe mu sa[心外無事:There is no event without mind], Sim oe mu sa[心外無物:There is no thing without mind], and Sim oe mu hak[心外無學:There is no learning without mind]. Finally, Finally, I explore educational implications from those Wang’s 5 statements. The reason to Wang declare Sim jeuk ri is to present that the whereabouts of the supreme good[至善] is inside of moral agent’s mind not outside of. In other words, to become an moral human being depends upon moral agent’s intention, not acquirement of ethical knowledges. Wang thought that Chu Hsi’s theories of ‘all events and things possess in them a definite principle’ and ‘man’s object of learning is simply mind and principle’ make the disgusting social conditions as people followed moral laws with a lump of selfishness. From Wang’s perspective, ‘moral principles lie human’s original mind’ and ‘human mind makes moral principle.’ So, Sim jeuk ri is link to ‘Sim oe mu ri[心外無理:There is no principle without mind].’ And, Wang enlarge the meaning of Sim jeuk ri to Sim oe mu sa[心外無事:There is no event without mind], Sim oe mu sa[心外無物:There is no thing without mind]. In this context, Wang developed an argument of Sim oe mu hak[心外無學:There is no learning without mind]. Wang’s 5 expressions contains that his viewpoint of moral education and his strong conviction that every human beings have potential to become a sage.