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세계화의 현실과 민족주의의 미래: 대안의 모색

Reality of Globalisation and the Future of Nationalism: a search for the alternative

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근대국가의 형성과 발전 과정에서 핵심적인 이념적 기반이었던 민족주의는 불가피하게 특정 집단·계급의 배타적 지배를 정당화하는 도구로 기능하기도 한다. 이제 이 근대적 이념은 세계화의 심화에 따른 전지구적 수준의 다양한 변화에 부응하는 새로운 탈근대 시대의 이념으로 진화할 필요가 있다. 그것은 곧 민족주의가 민족공동체를 넘어선 전지구적 정의와 책임에 부합하도록 재구성됨을 의미한다. 민족의 범주에서 배제된 타자를 관용하고 현재의 민주적 정치·제도를 넘어서기 위한 실천적 대안으로는 ‘세계시민성’, ‘민족주의 없는 애국심’, ‘입헌애국주의’, ‘공화적 애국심’ 등의 논지를 살펴본다.

Abstract

Having provided ideological basis in the process of formation and development of the modern state, nationalism seems never to fail to serve for the exclusive domination by particular groups or classes. It is about time that this modern ideology was transformed into one for the postmodern era, enough to address the challenges represented by a variety of changes on the global dimension. This means formulating a new ideology well-poised to meet the call for global justice and responsibilities beyond national communities. Critically discussed are such practical alternatives as ‘world citizenship’, ‘patriotism without nationalism’, ‘constitutional patriotism’ and ‘republican patriotism’.

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