임윤지당의 『윤지당유고』에 나타난 안회 연구

Abstract

This study aims to examine how Imyunjidang(任允摯堂, 1721-1793) understood and recognized Yan Hui in her collection of literary works 『Yungidangyugo』, and what she wanted to learn and practice through Yan Hui. Imyunjidang was the first female Neo-Confucian scholar in the late Joseon Dynasty. The biggest reason that she is renowned as the first female Neo-Confucian scholar is that her collection of literary works 『Yungidangyugo』 has been passed down. Academic activities were the male realm and the preserve of male Sadaebu during the Joseon Dynasty when she lived. Not only was it taboo for women themselves to write, but also prohibited even for the sake of their family, and reading that goes beyond the cultivation of womanly virtues was considered to be contrary to the duty of women. Nevertheless, Yunjidang wrote many writings expressing her aspiration for Neo-Confucianism and her identity as a Neo-Confucian scholar. She also expressed her will to actively publish a collection of literary works, hoping that her own academic results would not be in vain, and the output is 『Yungidangyugo』. Her subjective belief that she tried to become a saint is clearly revealed in 『Yungidangyugo』. Neo-Confucianism led her to realize her human self while recognizing her as a Neo-Confucian scholar throughout her life, and to present her subjective belief as a Neo-Confucian scholar. Yungidang's belief made it possible to secure human universality that saints and criminals are the same in their nature, and furthermore it argues that men and women are complementary to each other, rather than being qualitatively different or having superiority or inferiority. In particular, there is a person who led Yungidang to pursue Hohak with her subjective belief as a Neo-Confucian scholar in terms of 『Yungidangyugo』, that is Yan Hui. 『Yungidangyugoo』 contains 35 writings, of which only one is a tribute to one person. Considering that she directly organized her own collection of writings, 「Writing to Admire Yan Zi’s Hohak」 is the only tribute to a person that she wrote in her life. There is no doubt that Yan Hui is the person who made her have a lifelong belief. Then why was Yan Hui? In this study, the reason lies in Yan Hui’s Hohak. In addition, this study shows Yungidang who sharpened a knife in her mind as Yan Hui did, in order not to transfer anger to others and not to repeat the same faults, while practicing Hohak. It also shows that Yungidang was ‘Hakijijija(a person who knows by learning)’ who deeply admired Yan Hui, with a firm resolution 'If someone tries once, then I will truly try a thousand times’, while revering Yan Hui as a saint, who was Hakijijija(a person who knows by learning).