아우구스티누스의 ‘내면성’이 근대의 자아정체성 형성에 미친 영향: 찰스 테일러의 『자아의 원천들』을 중심으로

Abstract

This article is aimed at viewing the influence of Augustinus’ ‘interiora’ on the formation of the modern ego identity in the viewpoint of Charles Taylor, who said that such location distinction as the interior / the exterior, the inner abyss that we have today, should be understood as one of the many methods to translate ourselves. The ‘internalization’ was suggested as the interiora by Augustinus before the modern, to whom the interiora referred to the recognition of the ego searching for the light of God into himself. The recognition of the ego is important because it triggers the first person perspective enabling human to think her/himself. Augustinus accepted Plato’s idea techne to establish the interiora, which Descartes changed into a new meaning, ‘Cogito’, so that Descartes composed the ‘Thinking I’ by distancing from Augustinus. The internalization in the meaning of composition was not a real world but a kind of made planning. It has, further, continuously accepted the moral ideal and what the times required, and made a world image to come to its current form, which Taylor viewed as the modern ego identity. It is, therefore, thought that the ego identity is not a fixed one but a certain expression thing chosen by individual in the flow of the time. However, a person’s ego identity cannot be dependent on the rationality of the reason formed by distancing, ‘I think’. There cannot be a pure individual in the point that a person has formed her/his ego identity under the culture she/he has been living with since birth: language, manners and customs, social value view and etc. That is why individual and ego identity should not be confused. Augustinus made a huge change: he played a crucial role in the lift to the first person perspective dimension approaching higher state of dimension and also further in such new route to the progress as will starting in our understanding, which means that the fundamental Reflexivitat influenced the formation of ego identity and human can be evaluated as the existence who makes the moral choice establishing her/his identity by fundamental Reflexivitat. Regarding the modern ego identity, thus, I think that Augustinus’ interiora should be newly evaluated.