본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

The Relationship between Dietary Na/K Ratio and Bone Mineral Density in Korean Middle-Aged Women

2

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류가정의학

초록

Background: Dietary Na+ or Na+/K+ ratio has been reported to be associated with bone mineral density (BMD). However, this remains unclear, and only a few studies have been reported on the Korean population. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between dietary Na+, K+, and Na+/K+ ratios and BMD in middle-aged Korean women.Methods: This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2011. A to-tal of 3,690 women aged >50 years were included. Study participants were classified into quartiles (lowest quartile Q1–highest quartile Q4) according to dietary Na+, K+, and Na+/K+ ratio, and we examined the association of these parameters with BMD. Total femur and lumbar spine BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiome-try. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed using IBM SPSS ver. 19.0.Results: The mean age was 62 years, and a significant negative trend in the β-coefficient regarding dietary Na+ was only observed in the total femur BMD. However, the total femur and lumbar spine BMD decreased from Q1 to Q4 regarding the dietary Na+/K+ ratio (P-value for trend: 0.044 for total femur BMD and 0.002 for lumbar spine BMD).Conclusion: A significant negative trend in the β-coefficient for both total femur and lumbar spine BMD was ob-served regarding the Na+/K+ ratio. Therefore, based on the results of this study, a higher dietary Na+/K+ ratio may be associated with a lower BMD.

Abstract

Background: Dietary Na+ or Na+/K+ ratio has been reported to be associated with bone mineral density (BMD). However, this remains unclear, and only a few studies have been reported on the Korean population. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between dietary Na+, K+, and Na+/K+ ratios and BMD in middle-aged Korean women.Methods: This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2011. A to-tal of 3,690 women aged >50 years were included. Study participants were classified into quartiles (lowest quartile Q1–highest quartile Q4) according to dietary Na+, K+, and Na+/K+ ratio, and we examined the association of these parameters with BMD. Total femur and lumbar spine BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiome-try. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed using IBM SPSS ver. 19.0.Results: The mean age was 62 years, and a significant negative trend in the β-coefficient regarding dietary Na+ was only observed in the total femur BMD. However, the total femur and lumbar spine BMD decreased from Q1 to Q4 regarding the dietary Na+/K+ ratio (P-value for trend: 0.044 for total femur BMD and 0.002 for lumbar spine BMD).Conclusion: A significant negative trend in the β-coefficient for both total femur and lumbar spine BMD was ob-served regarding the Na+/K+ ratio. Therefore, based on the results of this study, a higher dietary Na+/K+ ratio may be associated with a lower BMD.

참고문헌 (32)

  1. World Health Organization, "Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis : report of a WHO study group" (1994), World Health Organization
  2. Schnell S, "The 1-year mortality of patients treated in a hip fracture program for elders", Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil, 1, pp.6~14 (2010)
  3. Dempster DW, "Osteoporosis and the burden of osteoporosis-related fractures", Am J Manag Care, 17(Suppl 6), pp.S164~S169 (2011)
  4. (2015)[URL]
  5. Ray NF, "Medical expenditures for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures in the United States in 1995 : report from the National Osteoporosis Foundation", J Bone Miner Res, 12, pp.24~35 (1997)
  6. Delaney MF, "Strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis during early postmenopause", Am J Obstet Gynecol, 194(2Suppl), pp.S12~23 (2006)
  7. Wlodarek D, "Calcium intake and osteoporosis : the influence of calcium intake from dairy products on hip bone mineral density and fracture incidence : a population-based study in women over 55 years of age", Public Health Nutr, 17, pp.383~389 (2014)
  8. Park SM, "Effect of high dietary sodium on bone turnover markers and urinary calcium excretion in Korean postmenopausal women with low bone mass", Eur J Clin Nutr, 69, pp.361~366 (2015)
  9. Kim Y, "Associations between reported dietary sodium intake and osteoporosis in Korean postmenopausal women : the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey", Asia Pac J Public Health, 29, pp.430~439 (2017)
  10. Park Y, "Association between urinary sodium excretion and bone health in male and female adults", Ann Nutr Metab, 68, pp.189~196 (2016)
  11. Jones G, "A population-based study of the relationship between salt intake, bone resorption and bone mass", Eur J Clin Nutr, 51, pp.561~565 (1997)
  12. Fatahi S, "The association of dietary and urinary sodium with bone mineral density and risk of osteoporosis : a systematic review and meta-analysis", J Am Coll Nutr, 37, pp.522~532 (2018)
  13. Zhu K, "The effects of high potassium consumption on bone mineral density in a prospective cohort study of elderly postmenopausal women", Osteoporos Int, 20, pp.335~340 (2009)
  14. Bedford JL, "Higher urinary sodium, a proxy for intake, is associated with increased calcium excretion and lower hip bone density in healthy young women with lower calcium intakes", Nutrients, 3, pp.951~961 (2011)
  15. Moseley KF, "Potassium citrate supplementation results in sustained improvement in calcium balance in older men and women", J Bone Miner Res, 28, pp.497~504 (2013)
  16. Cao WT, "The association between urinary sodium to potassium ratio and bone density in middleaged Chinese adults", Osteoporos Int, 28, pp.1077~1086 (2017)
  17. National food & nutrition statistics 2011: based on 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, "Korea Health Industry Development Institute", Korea Health Industry Development Institute, ~ (2013)
  18. Hallstrom H, "Long-term coffee consumption in relation to fracture risk and bone mineral density in women", Am J Epidemiol, 178, pp.898~909 (2013)
  19. Fung TT, "Soda consumption and risk of hip fractures in postmenopausal women in the Nurses’ Health Study", Am J Clin Nutr, 100, pp.953~958 (2014)
  20. Okada E, "Dietary sodium : potassium ratio and CVD risk factors among Japanese adults : a retrospective cross-sectional study of pooled data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2003-2017", Br J Nutr, 125, pp.79~91 (2021)
  21. Okayama A, "Dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio as a risk factor for stroke, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in Japan : the NIPPON DATA80 cohort study", BMJ Open, 6, pp.e011632~ (2016)
  22. Mirmiran P, "Dietary sodium to potassium ratio and the incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease : a population-based longitudinal study", Clin Exp Hypertens, 40, pp.772~779 (2018)
  23. Willey J, "Dietary sodium to potassium ratio and risk of stroke in a multiethnic urban population : the Northern Manhattan Study", Stroke, 48, pp.2979~2983 (2017)
  24. Cook NR, "Joint effects of sodium and potassium intake on subsequent cardiovascular disease : the Trials of Hypertension Prevention followup study", Arch Intern Med, 169, pp.32~40 (2009)
  25. Adrogue HJ, "Sodium and potassium in the pathogenesis of hypertension", N Engl J Med, 356, pp.1966~1978 (2007)
  26. Lin PH, "The DASH diet and sodium reduction improve markers of bone turnover and calcium metabolism in adults", J Nutr, 133, pp.3130~3136 (2003)
  27. Blackwood AM, "Urinary calcium excretion, sodium intake and blood pressure in a multi-ethnic population : results of the Wandsworth Heart and Stroke Study", J Hum Hypertens, 15, pp.229~237 (2001)
  28. Lane NE, "The science and therapy of glucocorticoid-induced bone loss", Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 27, pp.465~483 (1998)
  29. Jehle S, "Effect of potassium citrate on bone density, microarchitecture, and fracture risk in healthy older adults without osteoporosis : a randomized controlled trial", J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 98, pp.207~217 (2013)
  30. Macdonald HM, "Effect of potassium citrate supplementation or increased fruit and vegetable intake on bone metabolism in healthy postmenopausal women : a randomized controlled trial", Am J Clin Nutr, 88, pp.465~474 (2008)
  31. Tucker KL, "The acid-base hypothesis : diet and bone in the Framingham Osteoporosis Study", Eur J Nutr, 40, pp.231~237 (2001)
  32. Tucker KL, "Potassium, magnesium, and fruit and vegetable intakes are associated with greater bone mineral density in elderly men and women", Am J Clin Nutr, 69, pp.727~736 (1999)

관련 논문AI추천

The association of potassium intake with bone mineral density and the prevalence of osteoporosis among older Korean adultsJinwoo Ha, Kyungjoon Lim, Sangah Shin, Seong-Ah Kim한국영양학회 · Nutrition Research and Practice2020 · 제14권 제1호Bone Mineral Density and Food-frequency in Korean Adults: The 2008 and 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey노형, 박용순, 박훈기, 윤의현, 이향미, 황환식대한가정의학회 · Korean Journal of Family Medicine2012 · 제33권 제5호Does Changing the Ratio of Dietary Sodium-to-Potassium Intake Affect Bone Mineral Density?Soo Young Kim대한가정의학회 · Korean Journal of Family Medicine2023 · 제44권 제1호High Dietary Sodium Intake Assessed by 24-hour Urine Specimen Increase Urinary Calcium Excretion and Bone Resorption Marker김선욱, 김재현, 민용기, 박선미, 손서영, 이문규, 정재훈, 정지영, 조윤영, 지재환, 진상만, 허규연대한골대사학회 · 대한골대사학회지2014 · 제21권 제3호Milk Consumption and Bone Mineral Density in Adults: Using Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2011Ji Soo Kim, Jiwoo Kim, Seung Won Oh대한가정의학회 · Korean Journal of Family Medicine2021 · 제42권 제4호Associations between Dietary Fiber Intake and Bone Mineral Density in Adult Korean Population: Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2011서희선, 이태훈대한골대사학회 · 대한골대사학회지2019 · 제26권 제3호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (10건)