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Preventive Measures against the Development of Dementia in Old Age

Israel Oluwasegun Ayenigbara
대한가정의학회 (The Korean Academy Of Family Medicine)|2022.05|Korean Journal of Family Medicine|제43권 제3호|pp. 157-167|DOI 10.4082/kjfm.21.0030

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참고문헌

키워드

CognitionManagementDementiaPreventionAlzheimer Disease
주제분류가정의학

초록

Dementia is a neurological condition characterized by numerous types of central nervous system diseases, which gradually deteriorates an individual’s reasoning, rational thinking, and judgment abilities. As a serious public health concern that currently affects more than 50 million older adults, dementia is one of the most significant causes of incapacity, disability, and dependency among older adults. As new cases are expected to increase expo-nentially in the next three decades, dementia, which is not a normal feature of healthy aging despite the fact that it generally affects older adults disproportionately, requires enormous management and care efforts due to its associ-ated socioeconomic, psychological, and physical burdens that involve the patient, their caregivers, guardians, fami-ly members, and society at large. Presently, there is no cure for dementia; however, this condition could be prevent-ed. This narrative review aimed to provide a broad overview of studies detailing the alternative lifestyle modifica-tion-centered preventive measures against dementia. A comprehensive search of key databases to find articles re-lated to this topic revealed that participating in regular physical activities, healthy eating and dieting, avoiding all forms of smoking, avoiding air pollutants, halting or reducing alcohol consumption, exercising the mind and being socially dynamic, getting enough rest and establishing good sleeping habits, infection prevention, stress preven-tion, avoidance of injuries, preventing the effects of social isolation and lockdowns, continuing education, and de-pression prevention are protective measures against the development of dementia.

Abstract

Dementia is a neurological condition characterized by numerous types of central nervous system diseases, which gradually deteriorates an individual’s reasoning, rational thinking, and judgment abilities. As a serious public health concern that currently affects more than 50 million older adults, dementia is one of the most significant causes of incapacity, disability, and dependency among older adults. As new cases are expected to increase expo-nentially in the next three decades, dementia, which is not a normal feature of healthy aging despite the fact that it generally affects older adults disproportionately, requires enormous management and care efforts due to its associ-ated socioeconomic, psychological, and physical burdens that involve the patient, their caregivers, guardians, fami-ly members, and society at large. Presently, there is no cure for dementia; however, this condition could be prevent-ed. This narrative review aimed to provide a broad overview of studies detailing the alternative lifestyle modifica-tion-centered preventive measures against dementia. A comprehensive search of key databases to find articles re-lated to this topic revealed that participating in regular physical activities, healthy eating and dieting, avoiding all forms of smoking, avoiding air pollutants, halting or reducing alcohol consumption, exercising the mind and being socially dynamic, getting enough rest and establishing good sleeping habits, infection prevention, stress preven-tion, avoidance of injuries, preventing the effects of social isolation and lockdowns, continuing education, and de-pression prevention are protective measures against the development of dementia.

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