조선건국의 정신적 기원: 14세기 주자학 수용의 내적 계기를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper intends to examine the spiritual motives which the late Koryo society accepted new Confucianism as Weltanschauung. Specifically, it will review the crises of literature Confucianism and Buddhism in the late Koryo Dynasty and analysis how these crises were correlated with acceptance of new Confucianism internally. Generally, a external approach is common in existing studies about Weltanschauung transition of late Koryo and early Joseon Dynasty. For the most part, these investigate the decay of Buddhism and socio-political crises. But, there were little study about mental deconstruction which required a new world view, as it were, internal motive to accept a new philosophy. This paper intends to find out the crisis of subjectivity and reality with which the traditional Confucianism and reformative Buddhism were faced in 14th century. The Koryo’s traditional Confucianism lost the social effectiveness and failed to build a new subjectivity to overcome mental desperation too. Reformative Buddhism would like to change corrupt Buddhism which weakened religious training and lost the relationship with common people. But, it did not the political reality of military ruling and had difficulty in building Buddhist subjectivity in everyday life. As a result, new Confucianism was started as an alternative not only to reform the society but also to construct a moral subjectivity in the everyday life.