明代 文人들의 書齋 文化 考察

Abstract

A Study is the place where the kind used by the people for reading room in ancient china. It was also called ‘SHU SHI’and ‘SHU LOU’ or ‘SHU FANG’ etc. From the Han Dynasty, Study had the meaning of a space of reading books. In the Tang Dynasty, for officialdom were selected through the imperial examination system, so the Study became a place for literati to hone their studies in order to enter government office. However, in the Ming Dynasty, the number of government posts decreased rapidly, and as the number of literati increased, the opportunity to hold public office gradually decreased. literati who had failed several times in the past abandoned their lingering attachment to public office and pursued a leisurely life on their own. In the Ming Dynasty, as the city and commodity economy developed, a social trend of luxury was prevalent, and in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, as Wang Yangming's Psychology became popular, a trend that valued human desire and individuality was popular. literati created a garden, read books or wrote poems in the Study, appreciated and valued old calligraphy paintings, and enjoyed the leisure of life. In the Ming Dynasty, the Study went beyond the concept of a space of knowledge to write poetry and enjoy reading, and became a creative space for culture and art, where people wrote poetry, painted books, antique objects, and enjoyed music and art. than It also developed into a place of fellowship to share and exchange studies and art with the literary men of the time. The environment of the Study and the arrangement of internal objects also revealed the elegant dignity of the writers. The external environment of the Study, the internal arrangement structure, and the furnishings were harmonized with each other to form the overall beauty. In particular, the objects used in the Study pursued individuality and valued naturalness and simplicity. For the literati of the Ming Dynasty, the Study was a space for reading, art and creation, and a space for communication with friends, appreciating and evaluating taboo paintings and artworks. In that sense, the Study of Ming Dynasty literatis was a noble cultural space that could be distinguished from the rest of the world, a healing space to relieve inner resentment and anxiety, and a resting place for the soul.