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국제경제분쟁해결제도의 미래와 전망- 국제상사법원, 국제투자법원 및 국제중재의 비교고찰과 그 함의 -

The Future and Prospects of the International Dispute Resolution System - A Comparative Analysis of International Commercial Courts, International Investment Courts and International Arbitration -

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주제분류법학

초록

본 논문은 전 세계 주요 경제국을 중심으로 경쟁적으로 창설된 국제상사법원과 유럽연합 등이 추진 중인 양자 투자법원체제의 사례를 비교 및 고찰하고자 한다. 주요 경제국이 경쟁적으로 설립하고 있는 국제상사법원은 사건을 유치하기 위해서 끊임없이 진화하고 이용당사자의 선호도에 맞추고자 하는 노력이 돋보인다. 법원을 통한 소송과 판정부를 통한 중재의 경계가 점점 모호해지고 있다. 이 과정에서 법원을 통한 소송과 판정부를 통한 중재의 벽은 점점 낮아지면서 “국제소송의 국제중재화”가 진행되고 있다고 보인다. 이러한 배경 속에서 거시적인 차원에서 국제경제분쟁해결제도의 미래를 전망한다. 국제경제분쟁을 담당할 미래의 장은 과연 어떠한 형태가 될 것이고, 어떻게 이루어질 것인지를 감히 예견하고자 한다. 국제상사법원을 통한 국제소송은 국제중재와 경쟁 관계라기보다는 동시에 양성해야 할 동반자 관계가 될 여지가 크다. 국제상사법원의 등장과 국제투자법원의 설립 가능성에서 보듯이 전통적인 국제법원의 형태는 계속 진화일로에 있고, 국제상사법원은 영역을 확대하여 국제투자분쟁에도 영향을 미칠 가능성이 있다.

Abstract

This article seeks to review the international commercial courts that are being established around the world and to assess their potential relationship with the international investment court system being pursued by the EU and others. It seeks to analyze the future and prospects of international commercial courts upon the international dispute resolution system, particularly in comparison with the prevailing system of international arbitration and also the investment court system. The borders between litigation by courts and arbitration by arbitral tribunal continue to become less clear. Overall, international commercial courts should be considered as adding to the ecosystem of international dispute resolution rather than competing with other traditional forms such as international arbitration. New forms of international commercial courts may continue to evolve to expand beyond their current jurisdictional boundaries to possibly have an impact on the investment court system.

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