L1-L2 Transfer in VOT and f0 Production by Korean English Learners: L1 Sound Change and L2 Stop Production
2
조회
0
다운로드
17
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Recent studies have shown that the stop system of Korean is undergoing a sound change in terms of the two acoustic parameters, voice onset time (VOT) and fundamental frequency (f0). Because of a VOT merger of a consonantal opposition and onset-f0 interaction, the relative importance of the two parameters has been changing in Korean where f0 is a primary cue and VOT is a secondary cue in distinguishing lax from aspirated stops in speech production as well as perception. In English, however, VOT is a primary cue and f0 is a secondary cue in contrasting voiced and voiceless stops. This study examines how Korean English learners use the two acoustic parameters of L1 in producing L2 English stops and whether the sound change of acoustic parameters in L1 affects L2 speech production. The data were collected from six adult Korean English learners. Results show that Korean English learners use not only VOT but also f0 to contrast L2 voiced and voiceless stops. However, unlike VOT variations among speakers, the magnitude effect of onset consonants on f0 in L2English was steady and robust, indicating that f0 also plays an important role in contrasting the [voice] contrast in L2English. The results suggest that the important role of f0 in contrasting lax and aspirated stops in L1 Korean is transferred to the contrast of voiced and voiceless stops in L2 English. The results imply that, for Korean English learners, f0 rather than VOT will play an important perceptual cue in contrasting voiced and voiceless stops in L2 English.
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the stop system of Korean is undergoing a sound change in terms of the two acoustic parameters, voice onset time (VOT) and fundamental frequency (f0). Because of a VOT merger of a consonantal opposition and onset-f0 interaction, the relative importance of the two parameters has been changing in Korean where f0 is a primary cue and VOT is a secondary cue in distinguishing lax from aspirated stops in speech production as well as perception. In English, however, VOT is a primary cue and f0 is a secondary cue in contrasting voiced and voiceless stops. This study examines how Korean English learners use the two acoustic parameters of L1 in producing L2 English stops and whether the sound change of acoustic parameters in L1 affects L2 speech production. The data were collected from six adult Korean English learners. Results show that Korean English learners use not only VOT but also f0 to contrast L2 voiced and voiceless stops. However, unlike VOT variations among speakers, the magnitude effect of onset consonants on f0 in L2English was steady and robust, indicating that f0 also plays an important role in contrasting the [voice] contrast in L2English. The results suggest that the important role of f0 in contrasting lax and aspirated stops in L1 Korean is transferred to the contrast of voiced and voiceless stops in L2 English. The results imply that, for Korean English learners, f0 rather than VOT will play an important perceptual cue in contrasting voiced and voiceless stops in L2 English.
참고문헌 (37)
- (2005)[URL]
- Cho, T., "Acoustic andaerodynamic correlates of Korean stops and fricatives", Journal of Phonetics, 30, pp.193~228 (2002)
- Choi, H, "Acoustic cues for the Korean stop contrast : dialectal variation", ZAS papers in Linguistics, 28, pp.1~12 (2002)
- Flege, J. E., "Second-language speech learning: theory,findings, and problems, In Speech Perceptionand Linguistic Experience", pp.233~277 (1995), NewYork Press
- Flege, J. E., "Interaction between the native andsecond-language phonetic systems, In An integrated view of language development:Papers in honor of Henning Wode", pp.217~243 (2002), Lawrence Erlbaum
- Fowler, C. A., "Cross language phonetic influences on the speech ofFrench-English bilinguals", Journal of Phonetics, 36, pp.649~663 (2008)
- Grosjean, F, "Neurolinguists, beware! The bilingual is nottwo monolinguals in one person", Brain and Language, 36, pp.3~15 (1989)
- Halle, M. and Stevens, K, "A note on laryngeal features", Quarterly Progress Report, 101, pp.198~213 (1971)
- Han, M., "Acoustic features of Korean", P,T, K, p, t, k, pp.and, ph, th, kh
- Jun, S. -A., "The phonetics and phonology of Korean prosody", 박사, pp.1993
- Influence of microprosody on macroprosody: acase of phrase initial strengthening, "Jun, S. -A.", UCLA, 97~116, pp.Working Papers, Vol.92 (1996)
- Kang, K, "Phonological systems inbilinguals: age of learning effects on the stop consonant systemsof Korean-English bilinguals", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 119(3), pp.1672~1683 (2006)
- 강경호, "Clear speech production of Korean stops: Changing phonetic targets and enhancement strategies", JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, 124(6), pp.3909~3917, ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
- Keating, P. A, "Phonetic and phonological representation ofstop consonant voicing.", Language, 60(2), pp.289~319 (1984)
- Kenstowicz, Michael, "Laryngeal Features and Tone in Kyungsang Korean: A Phonetic Study", 음성음운형태론연구, 12(2), pp.247~264 (2006), 한국음운론학회
- Kim, M., "Correlation between VOT and F0 in the perceptionof Korean stops and affricates", Proceedings of the 8thInternational Conference on Spoken Language, pp.49~52 (2004)
- Kim, M. -R. Cho, "Acoustic characteristics of Korean stopsand perception of English stop consonants", 박사, pp.1994
- Kim, M. -R., "Segmental and tonal interactions in English andKorean: A phonetic and phonological study", 박사, pp.2000
- Mi-RyoungKim, "Segmental Effects on F0 contour in English in comparison with Korean", 언어, 28(2), pp.271~294 (2003), 한국언어학회
- Kim, M. -R, "Voicing and tone correlation in L2 English", Speech Sciences, 12(4), pp.3~128 (2005)
- 김미령, "“Lax” stops in Korean revisited: VOT neutralization", 음성음운형태론연구, 14(2), pp.3~21 (2008), 한국음운론학회
- Mi-Ryoung Kim, "Native and Non-Native English speakers' VOT Productions of Stops", 언어학, 19(1), pp.97~116 (2011), 대한언어학회
- 김미령, "The relationship between cross language phonetic influences and L2 proficiency in terms of VOT", 말소리와 음성과학, 3(3), pp.3~10 (2011), 한국음성학회
- 김미령, "Tonogenesis in Korean: Some Recent Speculations on the Sound Change", 언어, 37(2), pp.243~283 (2012), 한국언어학회[DOI]
- system of Korean stops revisited with special reference to the aspirated-lax merger, "음성음운형태론연구", 2012, 211~243, pp.한국음운론학회, http:
- Kim, M.-R, "The contributionof consonantal and vocalic information to the perception ofKorean initial stops", Journal of Phonetics, 30(1), pp.77~100 (2002)
- Kim, M.-R., "Tense and lax stops in Korean", Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 13, pp.59~104 (2004)
- Kim, M.-R., "A Korean consonant-tonetransfer in L2 (English) acquisition", Journal of the Pan-PacificAssociation of Applied Linguistics, 5, pp.279~295 (2001)
- Kingston, J., "Phonetic knowledge", Language, 70(3), pp.419~453 (1994)
- Lisker, L., "A cross-language study ofvoicing initial stops : Acoustic measurements", Word, 21, pp.384~422 (1964)
- 오은진, "Effects of speaker gender on voice onset time in Korean stops", JOURNAL OF PHONETICS, 39(1), pp.59~67, ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
- Oh, M., "Stops and phrasing in Korean andEnglish monolinguals and bilinguals", Proceedings of ICPhSXVII, pp.1530~1534 (2011)
- Pierrehumbert, J, "Phonological and phonetic representation", Journal of Phonetics, 18, pp.375~394 (1980)
- Schmidt, A. M, "Cross-language identification of consonants.Part 1. Korean perception of English", Journal of AcousticalSociety of America, 99(5), pp.3201~3211 (1996)
- Silva, D. J, "Acoustic evidence for the emergence of tonalcontrast in contemporary Korean", Phonology, 23, pp.287~308 (2006)
- STAT Software Changes andEnhancements through of California through Release 6.11, "SAS", pp.1996, SAS Institute Inc.
- Wright, J., "Laryngeal Contrast in Seoul Korean", 박사, pp.2008