The effect of word frequency on the reduction of English CVCC syllables in spontaneous speech
1
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The current study investigated CVCC syllables in spontaneous American English speech to find out whether such syllables are produced as phonological units with a string of segments, showing a hierarchical structure. Transcribed data from the Buckeye Speech Corpus was used for the analysis in this study. The result of the current study showed that the constituents within a CVCC syllable as a phonological unit may have phonetic variations (namely, the final coda may undergo deletion). First, voiceless alveolar stops were the most frequently deleted when they occurred as the second final coda consonants of a CVCC syllable; this deletion may be an intermediate process on the way from the abstract form CVCC (with the rime VCC) to the actual pronunciation CVC (with the rime VC), a production strategy employed by some individual speakers. Second, in the internal structure of the rime, the proportion of deletion of the final coda consonant depended on the frequency of the word rather than on the position of postvocalic consonants on the sonority hierarchy. Finally, the segment following the consonant cluster proved to have an effect on the reduction of that cluster; more precisely, the following contrast was observed between obstruents and non-obstruents, reflecting the effect of sonority: when the segment following the consonant cluster was an obstruent, the proportion of deletion of the final coda consonant was increased. Among these results, the effect of word frequency played a critical role for promoting the deletion of the second coda consonant for clusters in CVCC syllables in spontaneous speech. The current study implies that the structure of syllables as phonological units can vary depending on individual speakers’ lexical representation.
Abstract
The current study investigated CVCC syllables in spontaneous American English speech to find out whether such syllables are produced as phonological units with a string of segments, showing a hierarchical structure. Transcribed data from the Buckeye Speech Corpus was used for the analysis in this study. The result of the current study showed that the constituents within a CVCC syllable as a phonological unit may have phonetic variations (namely, the final coda may undergo deletion). First, voiceless alveolar stops were the most frequently deleted when they occurred as the second final coda consonants of a CVCC syllable; this deletion may be an intermediate process on the way from the abstract form CVCC (with the rime VCC) to the actual pronunciation CVC (with the rime VC), a production strategy employed by some individual speakers. Second, in the internal structure of the rime, the proportion of deletion of the final coda consonant depended on the frequency of the word rather than on the position of postvocalic consonants on the sonority hierarchy. Finally, the segment following the consonant cluster proved to have an effect on the reduction of that cluster; more precisely, the following contrast was observed between obstruents and non-obstruents, reflecting the effect of sonority: when the segment following the consonant cluster was an obstruent, the proportion of deletion of the final coda consonant was increased. Among these results, the effect of word frequency played a critical role for promoting the deletion of the second coda consonant for clusters in CVCC syllables in spontaneous speech. The current study implies that the structure of syllables as phonological units can vary depending on individual speakers’ lexical representation.
참고문헌 (29)
- (2012)[URL]
- Browman, C. P., "Papers in Laboratory Phonology I: Between the Grammar and Physics of Speech", pp.341~376 (1990), Cambridge University Press
- Bybee, J., "Usage-Based models of Language", pp.65~85 (2000), CSLI Publications
- Bybee, J., "Phonology and Language Use" (2001), Cambridge University Press
- Coetzee, A., "The Handbook of Phonological Theory, 2nd edtion", pp.401~434 (2011), Blackwell
- Fudge, E. C., "Syllables", Journal of Linguistics, 5, pp.253~287 (1969)
- Fudge, E. C., "Branching structure within the syllable", Journal of Linguistics, 23, pp.359~377 (1987)
- Goldsmith, J. A., "Autosegmental and Merical Phonology" (1990), Blackwell
- Guy, G. R., "Contextual conditioning in variable lexical phonology", Language Variation and Change, 3, pp.223~239 (1991)
- Guy, G. R., "CLS 30: Papers from the 30th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. Vol.2: The Parasession on Variation in Linguistic Theory", pp.133~149 (1994), Chicago Linguistic Society
- Guy, G. R., "Inherent variability and the obligatory contour principle", Language Variation and Change, 9, pp.149~164 (1997)
- Halle, M., "Three dimensional phonology", Journal of Linguistic Research, 1, pp.83~105 (1980)
- Hooper, J. B., "An introduction to natural generative phonology" (1976), Academic Press
- "The Variation in Conversation (ViC) project: Creation of the Buckeye corpus of conversational speech" (2006)[URL]
- Kiparsky, P., "Metrical structure assignment is cyclic", Linguistic Inquiry, 10, pp.421~441 (1979)
- Labov, W., "The child as linguistic historian", Language Variation and Change, 1, pp.85~97 (1989)
- Labov, W., "Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society. 2nd edition", pp.6~21 (2004), DeGruyter
- MacKay, D. G., "The structure of words and syllables : Evidence from errors in speech", Cognitive Psychology, 3, pp.210~227 (1972)
- Mackay, D. G., "Syllable and segments" (1978)
- Neu, H., "Locating language in time and space", pp.37~54 (1980), Academic Press
- Patrick, P. L., "Creoles at the intersection variable processes :", t, d, Language Variation and Change, pp.1992, 3[DOI]
- "Buckeye Corpus of Conversational Speech (2nd release)" (2007)[URL]
- Raymond, W. D., "Word-internal", t, d, Language Variation and Change, pp.2006, 18[DOI]
- Selkirk, E. O., "The structure of phonological representations (part III)", pp.337~383 (1982), Foris
- Stemberger, J. P., "The nature of", r, l, pp.in English : evidence from speech errors, Journal of Phonetics[DOI]
- Treiman, R., "The structure of spoken syllable : Evidence from novel word games", Cognition, 15, pp.49~74 (1983)
- Treiman, R., "Short-term memory errors for spoken syllables are affected by the linguistic structure of the syllables", Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14, pp.145~152 (1988)
- Vennemann, T., "On the theory of syllabic phonology", Linguistische Berichte, 18, pp.1~18 (1972)
- Wolfram, W., "A sociolinguistic description of Detroit Negro speech" (1969), Center for Applied Linguistics