영어 정보구조의 억양양상에 관한 연구
A Study on the Intonational Patterns in English Information Structures
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Many researchers have argued about the relationship between information structure and intonation. Their results can be summarized in three main points: the intonation of topic and focus in English information structures is implemented as i) a pitch accent, ii) a tune (a pitch accent + (an) edge tone(s)), or iii) a boundary tone. The purpose of this paper is to study various intonational patterns of topic and focus in English information structures, using natural conversations. In this paper, the types of topics and foci are divided, based on contrastiveness. The topics are classified as five non-contrastive and four contrastive topics. The foci are classified as neutral focus, informational focus, and contrastive focus. The results show that the intonation of the topic in English information structures is mainly implemented as a pitch accent, except for the type of the pronoun topic (Lp) which is not implemented as a pitch accent or a tune. However, the intonation of the focus is implemented as a tune in the neutral focus (Fn) and as a pitch accent or a tune in the informational focus (Fi) and the contrastive focus (Fc). In our discussion and conclusion, we suggest that it is not always true that for the meaning of contrast, the topic or the focus is represented as a L+H* pitch accent, which has been the main contrastive intonation from earlier studies.
Abstract
Many researchers have argued about the relationship between information structure and intonation. Their results can be summarized in three main points: the intonation of topic and focus in English information structures is implemented as i) a pitch accent, ii) a tune (a pitch accent + (an) edge tone(s)), or iii) a boundary tone. The purpose of this paper is to study various intonational patterns of topic and focus in English information structures, using natural conversations. In this paper, the types of topics and foci are divided, based on contrastiveness. The topics are classified as five non-contrastive and four contrastive topics. The foci are classified as neutral focus, informational focus, and contrastive focus. The results show that the intonation of the topic in English information structures is mainly implemented as a pitch accent, except for the type of the pronoun topic (Lp) which is not implemented as a pitch accent or a tune. However, the intonation of the focus is implemented as a tune in the neutral focus (Fn) and as a pitch accent or a tune in the informational focus (Fi) and the contrastive focus (Fc). In our discussion and conclusion, we suggest that it is not always true that for the meaning of contrast, the topic or the focus is represented as a L+H* pitch accent, which has been the main contrastive intonation from earlier studies.
참고문헌 (27)
- 김화영, "영어 정보구조에서의 화제와 초점에 대한 억양 연구", 박사, pp.2005
- 박철우, "한국어 정보구조에서의 화제와 초점" (2003), 역락
- 이용재, "영어 정보구조에서의 화제에 대한 억양 연구", 음성과학, 13(2), pp.87~105 (2006), 한국음성과학회
- Beckman, M. E, "Guidelines for ToBI labelling. Version 3.0" (1997), Ohio State University, Department of Linguistics
- Bolinger, D. L, "Intonation and Its Parts; Melody in Spoken English" (1986), Stanford University Press
- Büring, D, "On D-Trees, beans, and B-accents", Linguistics and Philosophy, 26(5), pp.511~545 (2002)
- Gundel, J. K, "Universals of topic-comment structure in Studies in Syntactic Typology", pp.209~239 (1988), John Benjamins
- Gundel, J. K, "On different kinds of focus in Focus: Linguistic, Cognitive, and Computational Perspectives", pp.293~305 (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Gundel, J. K, "Topic and focus in The Handbook of Pragmatic Theory", pp.175~196 (2004), Blackwell Publishing Ltd
- Halliday, M. A. K, "Intonation and Grammar in British English" (1967), Mouton
- Halliday, M. A. K, "Notes on transitivity and theme in English", Journal of Linguistics, 3, pp.199~244 (1967)
- Halliday, M. A. K, "Language structure and language function in New Horizons in Linguistics", pp.140~165 (1970), Penguin Books Ltd
- Hedberg, N, "The prosodic structure of topic and focus in spontaneous English dialogue", A Workshop on Intonation and Meaning (2001), Linguistic Society of America, Institute of Linguistics
- Hedberg, N, "Topic-focus controversies", Informationstruktur - kontrastivt, pp.6~8 (2002)
- Hedberg, N, "The prosody of questions in natural discourse", Proceedings of Speech Prosody 2002 (the First International Conference on Speech Prosody), pp.375~378 (2002)
- Hedberg, N, "Meanings and configurations of questions in English", Proceedings of Speech Prosody 2004 (2004)
- Hedberg, N, "Tonal constituents and meanings of Yes-No questions in American English", Proceedings of Speech Prosody 2006 (2006)
- Hockett, C. F, "A Course in Modern Linguistics" (1958), McMillan
- Jackendoff, R. S, "Semantic Interpretation in Generative Grammar" (1972), MIT Press
- Lambrecht, K, "Sentence accent in information questions: Default and Projection", Linguistics and Philosophy, 21, pp.477~544 (1998)
- Lee, C, "Contrastive topic and proposition structure in Asymmetry in Grammar" (2002), John Benjamins
- Pierrehumbert, J, "The Phonology and Phonetics of English Intonation", 박사, pp.1980
- Pierrehumbert, J, "The meaning of intonational contours in the interpretation of discourse in Intentions in Communication", pp.271~311 (1990), MIT Press
- Steedman, M, "Structure and intonation", Language, 67, pp.260~296 (1991)
- Steedman, M, "Information structure and the syntax-phonology interface", Linguistic Inquiry, 31, pp.649~689 (2000)
- Vallduví, E, "The Informational Component" (1992), Garland
- Vallduví, E, "The linguistic realization of information packaging", Linguistics, 34, pp.459~519 (1996)