Role of proficiency and visual cue in Korean listeners' perception of accented speech
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This study investigates how visual cues, speaker proficiency, and native language determine native Korean speakers' perception of accented Korean. Thirty participants rated the accentedness of L2 Korean speakers under three visual conditions, i.e., matching ethnicity, mismatching ethnicity, and no visual cues. Proficiency emerged as the strongest predictor of accentedness, with low-proficiency speakers rated significantly higher in accentedness than high-proficiency speakers. English-accented Korean was generally perceived as more foreign than Chinese-accented Korean. Visual conditions marginally affected the ratings but influenced the reaction times. Unlike earlier studies conducted primarily with English-speaking participants, our findings show the limited role of visual cues and indicate proficiency and phonetic similarity as the primary determinants of foreign-accentedness perception. Korean listeners rely more significantly on auditory than visual cues when evaluating foreign-accented speech, thus challenging assumptions about the universality of visual biases and suggesting that such biases may be culturally or linguistically specific instead of generalizable.
Abstract
This study investigates how visual cues, speaker proficiency, and native language determine native Korean speakers' perception of accented Korean. Thirty participants rated the accentedness of L2 Korean speakers under three visual conditions, i.e., matching ethnicity, mismatching ethnicity, and no visual cues. Proficiency emerged as the strongest predictor of accentedness, with low-proficiency speakers rated significantly higher in accentedness than high-proficiency speakers. English-accented Korean was generally perceived as more foreign than Chinese-accented Korean. Visual conditions marginally affected the ratings but influenced the reaction times. Unlike earlier studies conducted primarily with English-speaking participants, our findings show the limited role of visual cues and indicate proficiency and phonetic similarity as the primary determinants of foreign-accentedness perception. Korean listeners rely more significantly on auditory than visual cues when evaluating foreign-accented speech, thus challenging assumptions about the universality of visual biases and suggesting that such biases may be culturally or linguistically specific instead of generalizable.