중고등학생의 볼거리 전파관리 현황과 불현성 감염률: 2007-2008 대구 볼거리 유행을 중심으로
Mumps Transmission Control Status and Inapparent Infection Rate among Middle and High School Students during the 2007-2008 Mumps Outbreak in Daegu
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the mumps transmission control status and inapparent infection rate among middle and high school students in Daegu City during a mumps outbreak. Methods : Nine schools (two middle schools and seven high schools), which reported a number of mumps cases between 2007 and 2008 were selected for investigation. During March-May 2008, a standard questionnaire was distributed to gather information about case identification, instructed isolation measure, isolation status of mumps cases and related factors, and outdoor activities of nonisolated mumps case. Inapparent infection rate was estimated by serum mumps IgM and IgG antibodies status and self-reported mumps symptoms in three of the nine schools. Results : Among 2,560 respondents, more than half of students answered that they did not receive instructions in mumps transmission control measures during the outbreak. Among the 327 mumps cases identified by the questionnaire, 131 cases (40.1%) were considered as isolated and the isolation rates were significantly different among schools, grades, and gender. Of the non-isolated cases, 88.3% continued attending school. Inapparent mumps infection rates were between 56.3% and 70.2%. Conclusions : Mumps transmission control was inadequate to control the mumps outbreak. Although high inapparent infection rate would mitigate the transmission control effect of case isolation, this measure is fundamental for infection control. The reasons of this inadequate status need to be explored to develop an effective intervention strategy.
Abstract
Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the mumps transmission control status and inapparent infection rate among middle and high school students in Daegu City during a mumps outbreak. Methods : Nine schools (two middle schools and seven high schools), which reported a number of mumps cases between 2007 and 2008 were selected for investigation. During March-May 2008, a standard questionnaire was distributed to gather information about case identification, instructed isolation measure, isolation status of mumps cases and related factors, and outdoor activities of nonisolated mumps case. Inapparent infection rate was estimated by serum mumps IgM and IgG antibodies status and self-reported mumps symptoms in three of the nine schools. Results : Among 2,560 respondents, more than half of students answered that they did not receive instructions in mumps transmission control measures during the outbreak. Among the 327 mumps cases identified by the questionnaire, 131 cases (40.1%) were considered as isolated and the isolation rates were significantly different among schools, grades, and gender. Of the non-isolated cases, 88.3% continued attending school. Inapparent mumps infection rates were between 56.3% and 70.2%. Conclusions : Mumps transmission control was inadequate to control the mumps outbreak. Although high inapparent infection rate would mitigate the transmission control effect of case isolation, this measure is fundamental for infection control. The reasons of this inadequate status need to be explored to develop an effective intervention strategy.
참고문헌 (36)
- Hviid A, , Mumps. Lancet, 371(9616), pp.932~944 (2008)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, ""Mumps," in: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, editors. Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-preventable Diseases: Pink Book", pp.149~158 (2008), Public Health Foundation
- Peltola H, "Mumps and rubella eliminated from Finland", JAMA, 284(20), pp.2643~2647 (2000)
- World Health Organization, "Global status of mumps immunization and surveillance", Wkly Epidemiol Rec, 80(48), pp.418~424 (2005)
- Galazka AM, "Mumps and mumps vaccine: A global review", Bull World Health Organ, 77(1), pp.3~14 (1999)
- Gupta RK, "Mumps and the UK epidemic 2005", BMJ, 330(7500), pp.1132~1135 (2005)
- Watson-Creed G, "Two successive outbreaks of mumps in nova scotia among vaccinated adolescents and young adults", CMAJ, 175(5), pp.483~488 (2006)
- Dayan GH, "Recent resurgence of mumps in the United States", N Engl J Med, 358(15), pp.1580~1589 (2008)
- Peltola H, "Mumps outbreaks in Canada and the United States: Time for new thinking on mumps vaccines", Clin Infect Dis, 45(4), pp.459~466 (2007)
- Dayan GH, "Mumps outbreaks in vaccinated populations: are available mumps vaccines effective enough to prevent outbreaks?", Clin Infect Dis, 47(11), pp.1458~1467 (2008)
- Cortese MM, "Mumps vaccine performance among university students during a mumps outbreak", Clin Infect Dis, 46(8), pp.1172~1180 (2008)
- Cohen C, "Vaccine effectiveness estimates, 2004-2005 mumps outbreak, England", Emerg Infect Dis, 13(1), pp.12~17 (2007)
- Vandermeulen C, "Long-term persistence of antibodies after one or two doses of MMRvaccine", Vaccine, 25(37), pp.6672~6676 (2007)
- Davidkin I, "Persistence of measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies in an MMR-vaccinated cohort: A 20-year follow-up", J Infect Dis, 197(7), pp.950~956 (2008)
- Baum SG, "Editorial commentary: Who cares about mumps?", You should! Clin Infect Dis, 46(9), pp.1450~1451 (2008)
- Marin M, "Mumps vaccination coverage and vaccine effectiveness in a large outbreak among college students-Iowa, 2006", Vaccine, 26(29), pp.3601~3607 (2008)
- Gemmill I, "Mumps vaccine: Is it time to reevaluate our approach?", CMAJ, 17(5), pp.491~492 (2006)
- Soud FA, "Isolation compliance among university students during a mumps outbreak, Kansas 2006", Epidemiol Infect, 137(1), pp.30~37 (2009)
- Borchardt S, "Compliance with exclusion requirements to prevent mumps transmission", Emerg Infect Dis, 13(10), pp.1617~1618 (2007)
- Richardson M, "Evidence base of incubation periods, periods of infectiousness and exclusion policies for the control of communicable diseases in schools and preschools", Pediatr Infect Dis J, 20(4), pp.380~391 (2001)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Updated recommendations for isolation of persons with mumps", MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 57(40), pp.1103~1105 (2008)
- Polgreen PM, "The duration of mumps virus shedding after the onset of symptoms", Clin Infect Dis, 46(9), pp.1447~1449 (2008)
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-prevantable Disease", pp.163~202 (2006)
- Choi BY, "Epidemiological study on the mumps epidemic - in one primary school in Hwasung-gun, Kyonggi-do", Korean J Epidemiol, 7(1), pp.105~115 (1995)
- Kim MH, "An epidemiologic investigation on mumps outbreak in Cheju-do, 1998", Korean J Prev Med, 34(1), pp.89~99 (2001)
- Park BC, "Epidemiologic investigation of a mumps outbreak in a middle school in Pohang, Korea", Korean J Epidemiol, 22(2), pp.148~158 (2000)
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "2007 Communicable Diseases Surveillance Yearbook" (2008)
- Ki M, "Evaluation of mumps outbreak and serology" (2008), Korea Center for Diseases Control and Prevention
- Kim KH, "Evaluation of mumps vaccine effectiveness by outbreak investigation in one kindergarten in Ulsan city, 2006", Korean J Epidemiol, 30(1), pp.110~118 (2008)
- Savitz DA, "In: Savitz DA, editor. Interpreting Epidemiologic Evidence: Strategies for Study Design and Analysis", pp.163~204 (2003), Oxford University Press
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Manual for the Surveillance of Vaccinepreventable Diseases" (2008), Disease Control and Preven-tion
- Plotkin S, ""Mumps vaccine," in: Plotkin AP, Offit PA, Orenstein WA, editors. Vaccines", pp.441~470 (2008), WB Saunders
- Sanz JC, "Sensitivity and specificity of immunoglobulin G titer for the diagnosis of mumps virus in infected patients depending on vaccination status", APMIS, 114(11), pp.788~794 (2006)
- Krause CH, "Comparison of mumps-IgM ELISA in acute infection", J Clin Virol, 38(2), pp.153~156 (2007)
- Choi BY, ""Epidemiologic characteristics and management of infectious disease," in:Committee on publication of preventive medicine textbook, editor. Preventive Medicine", pp.177~267 (2004), Gye Chuk Mun Wha Sa Publishing Co