Sleep Disturbances in Early Pregnancy and the Risk of Preeclampsia: Qazvin Maternal and Neonatal Metabolic Outcomes Study (QMNMS)
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Objectives: The association between sleep disturbances and hypertension has been reported in numerous studies. However, prospective cohort data on the role of sleep disturbances in the development of preeclampsia remain limited.Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on pregnant women with a in Iran. Sleep quality was assessed at the first prenatal visit (gestational age ≤14 weeks) using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was run to investigate the independent role of sleep abnormalities in the development of preeclampsia.Results: The final analysis was performed on 576 participants, of whom 3.5% developed preeclampsia. In the univariate analysis, short sleep duration (< 6 hours) and prolonged sleep latency was associated with a 5.5 times and 3.5 times higher risk of developing preeclampsia (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5 to 20.9; <i>p</i>=0.011, and 95% CI, 1.2 to 10.1; <i>p</i>=0.019, respectively). Considering the total PSQI score, fairly bad or very bad sleep quality was a risk factor for developing preeclampsia, with a relative risk of 4.9 in the univariate analysis (95% CI, 1.4 to 17.8; <i>p</i>=0.014). In the fully adjusted model, short sleep duration and prolonged sleep latency were associated with 7.2 times and 4.5 times higher risk of preeclampsia, respectivey (95% CI, 1.6 to 33.1; <i>p</i>=0.011 and 95% CI, 1.4 to 14.6; <i>p</i>=0.012, respectively). In this model, pregnant women with fairly bad or very bad sleep quality had 5.9 times higher risk of preeclampsia development (95% CI, 1.5 to 22.8; <i>p</i>=0.011).Conclusions: This cohort study demonstrated the role of short sleep duration and prolonged sleep latency as the main components of poor sleep quality in the development of preeclampsia.
Abstract
Objectives: The association between sleep disturbances and hypertension has been reported in numerous studies. However, prospective cohort data on the role of sleep disturbances in the development of preeclampsia remain limited.Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on pregnant women with a in Iran. Sleep quality was assessed at the first prenatal visit (gestational age ≤14 weeks) using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was run to investigate the independent role of sleep abnormalities in the development of preeclampsia.Results: The final analysis was performed on 576 participants, of whom 3.5% developed preeclampsia. In the univariate analysis, short sleep duration (< 6 hours) and prolonged sleep latency was associated with a 5.5 times and 3.5 times higher risk of developing preeclampsia (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5 to 20.9; <i>p</i>=0.011, and 95% CI, 1.2 to 10.1; <i>p</i>=0.019, respectively). Considering the total PSQI score, fairly bad or very bad sleep quality was a risk factor for developing preeclampsia, with a relative risk of 4.9 in the univariate analysis (95% CI, 1.4 to 17.8; <i>p</i>=0.014). In the fully adjusted model, short sleep duration and prolonged sleep latency were associated with 7.2 times and 4.5 times higher risk of preeclampsia, respectivey (95% CI, 1.6 to 33.1; <i>p</i>=0.011 and 95% CI, 1.4 to 14.6; <i>p</i>=0.012, respectively). In this model, pregnant women with fairly bad or very bad sleep quality had 5.9 times higher risk of preeclampsia development (95% CI, 1.5 to 22.8; <i>p</i>=0.011).Conclusions: This cohort study demonstrated the role of short sleep duration and prolonged sleep latency as the main components of poor sleep quality in the development of preeclampsia.