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South Korean Industrial Security Policy: A Review of Commercial Espionage Legislation and Institutional Structures

Benjamin E. Forney
국제학연구소 (The Keimyung Institute for International Studies)|2024.12|Journal of International and Area Studies|제31권 제2호|pp. 1-22|DOI 10.23071/jias.2024.31.2.1

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키워드

economic securitytechnology leakagenational core technologycommercial espionage
주제분류정치외교학

초록

Since the 1990s, South Korea has faced a growing threat from overseas commercial espionage targeting cutting-edge industries. This study examines the evolution of the South Korean government’s response to this threat over the past three decades and how protecting core technologies emerged as a top priority in economic security policymaking. By analyzing legislative developments and institutional frameworks, it reveals a historical pattern of reactive and disjointed efforts to prevent technology outflows. Despite increased government attention, the study finds that South Korea lacked a coordinated, pan-government strategy until the 2020s. The research highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to safeguarding intellectual property and preventing overseas technology leakage.

Abstract

Since the 1990s, South Korea has faced a growing threat from overseas commercial espionage targeting cutting-edge industries. This study examines the evolution of the South Korean government’s response to this threat over the past three decades and how protecting core technologies emerged as a top priority in economic security policymaking. By analyzing legislative developments and institutional frameworks, it reveals a historical pattern of reactive and disjointed efforts to prevent technology outflows. Despite increased government attention, the study finds that South Korea lacked a coordinated, pan-government strategy until the 2020s. The research highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to safeguarding intellectual property and preventing overseas technology leakage.

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