군항도시 사세보(佐世保)와 시민 저항: 1968년 미국의 ‘엔터프라이즈 호’ 입항 문제를 중심으로

Abstract

With the establishment of the Japanese navy in 1872, Japan's maritime defense was established in Yokosuka, Hiroshima, Maizuru, Kyoto, and Sasebo, Nagasaki, respectively. As confirmed in this paper, the arrival of the nuclear-powered aircraft carrier Enterprise into the Sasebo Port in 1968 developed into a commotion different from that of nuclear-powered submarines, which had occurred several times before. It can be seen that this is not a problem that can be viewed only as a matter of fact. Sasebo has long served as both a military port and a coal mining area, but in the era of energy transition, coal mine closures have occurred one after another. In the case of agriculture and forestry, which played an auxiliary role, only the aspect of a naval port city began to be highlighted due to the flood. Of course, there were positive views on the entry of the Enterprise because it was the economic merit of the military port due to the consumption of the US military, but in the background, the reality of bars targeting foreigners was revealed to the world. In addition, the first-generation former carrier of the Enterprise, which entered port in 1968, destroyed the Japanese forces in the Pacific War. The name of a ship with the same name as the aircraft carrier that carried out the Kyushu air raid would have made entry into the port even more unacceptable for Japanese people and especially Sasebo residents. As such, the protests of citizens that arose from the entry problem of the US aircraft carrier Enterprise on January 19, 1968, should be seen that The cause of the resistance of citizens should be seen as a complicated problem of the local economy, which had no choice but to rely on military ports, the political and social situation and reality entangled with the US Vietnam War and the name Enterprise is derived from a complicated problem.