로이드 뉴슨(Lloyd Newson)의 작품「삶의 대가(The cost of living)」에 나타나는 패스티쉬(Pastiche) 연구

Abstract

This study aims to examine pastiche that has not been studied in the field of dance and to analyze Lloyd Newson's The Cost of Living in which pastiche method is being borrowed in an appealing way. The work conducts a case study on successful pastiche technique. First of all, a brief definition of pastiche is as follows: the term 'pastiche' comes from an Italian term 'pasticio,' which means a combination of various heterogenous things. Its characteristic is to strive for outward consistency and transcendent and sophisticated effect, instead of trying to deceive readers unlike plagiarizing, by borrowing things such as passage, motif, image and episode from other works without much modification. Pastiche is different from parody in the sense that it emphasizes difference than similarity through pure imitation, without the intent of criticism or satire in addition to not maintaining a critical distance. The areas of pastiche technique in The Cost of Living are as follow. In the first scene, the work describes a reality, in which one has to live while wearing a mask in order to survive or be fairly treated in modern society, by inserting a ridiculous appearance of a circus clown. In the sense that the borrowing of a circus clown image without any modification is intended to allow the audiences to interpret through their own imagination, this scene appears to be pastiche. In the second scene, temperate and restraint movements expressed through ballet were contrasted to everyday ridiculous movements by David and Eddy. From the perspective in which pastiche is a technique of pure reproduction that emphasizes similarity with the original work without containing the intent of criticism or satire of the original work, simple imitation of ballet movements that do not contain the intent of satire or criticism on ballet appeared to be pastiche. A pastiche tendency can be seen also in the scene in which a hula hooping woman appears. The choreographer pursues another different meaning by inserting an everyday life appearance of hula hooping. Contrary to the common use of hula hoop in everyday life, her hula hoop is being used as an important medium for communicating with others. The ballet school scene also shows the possibility of harmonious movements between the non-disabled and the disabled by borrowing the scene of ballet lesson. As seen above, it can be known that The Cost of Living is composed of the pastiche method of weaving everyday common scenes in a sophisticated way, by escaping from the story which unfolds introduction-development-turn-conclusion. It can be known that such borrowing - pastiche technique - deduces artistic value as a new creative approach, not a simple imitation.