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세계화시대 자유무역과 이민: MERCOSUR를 중심으로

Free Trade and Migration in the era of Globalisation

최금좌
한국라틴아메리카학회 (Latin American Studies Association Of Korea)|2005.02|라틴아메리카연구 (Asian Journal of Latinamerican Studies)|제18권 제1호|pp. 181-232

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키워드

세계화GlobalizationLatin America지역경제통합Regional Economic IntegrationMERCOSURInternational MigrationNAFTA라틴 아메리카나프타국제이민메르코 술
주제분류지역학

초록

Abstract

The object of this article is to verify if the international migration in the southern region of Latin America was influenced by the formation of Southern Common Market(MERCOSUR). As the same reason for the NAFTA's case, MERCOSUR also showed that it may not be directly to blame not only for the increased internal migration, but also for the increased external migration, specially to the United States. The characteristic of this region's intra-migration had and has been "frontier migration". Even though it is a good example under the neo-liberal economic politics, it is more to do with the region's historical background, such as the construction of the Itaip Hydro-electric Power Plant and the failure of the Brazilian Agrarian Reforms to correct the social inequality. However, after the formation of MERCOSUR, the Asian financial cirsis, Brazil's currency devaluation and later, economic uncertainty in Argentina took the role of "push factor" for the emigration from the region to the more advanced countries of the NAFTA.In the era of Globalization, the principal migration stream from South to North in the America would not change with ease, because of the system change of social structure, derived from the different economic power among the MERCOSUR and the NAFTA. Thus it will be strongly needed for establishing the legal migration program to fortify the function of the nations which are concerned.

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