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Changes in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults after the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak

송상욱|권지영
한국역학회 (Korean Society of Epidemiology)|2022.01|Epidemiology and Health|제44권 |pp. 1-10|DOI 10.4178/epih.e2022101

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COVID-19Metabolic SyndromeSARS-CoV-2Social IsolationCoronavirusPandemics

초록

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to reveal changes in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between before and after the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to identify the group showing the greatest change. METHODS: We compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between 3 years before the COVID-19 pandemic and soon after the initial outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 among 24,564 adults ≥ 19 years of age using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. RESULTS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased steadily between 2017 and 2020 (29.4% to 35.3%, P for trend <0.001), with annual percent changes of 2.0%p, 2.2%p, and 1.7%p, respectively. Changes in prevalence after the COVID-19 outbreak compared to 3 years before the COVID-19 pandemic showed a significant increase in men (6.2%p; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.5–8.9) compared to women (1.5%p; 95% CI, −1.2 to 4.1). The age groups with the most significant increase in metabolic syndrome prevalence after the COVID-19 pandemic were those in their 40s (4.6%p; 95% CI, 0.9–8.4) and 50s (5.8%p; 95% CI, 2.2–9.4). By education background, the increase in metabolic syndrome prevalence was greatest among those with a college degree or higher (5.1%p). According to income, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in high- (5.3%p) and low-income (4.6%p) groups increased statistically significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The increasing trend in the overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome continued after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult men in their 40s and 50s changed significantly after the COVID-19 outbreak in Korea.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to reveal changes in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between before and after the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to identify the group showing the greatest change. METHODS: We compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between 3 years before the COVID-19 pandemic and soon after the initial outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 among 24,564 adults ≥ 19 years of age using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. RESULTS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased steadily between 2017 and 2020 (29.4% to 35.3%, P for trend <0.001), with annual percent changes of 2.0%p, 2.2%p, and 1.7%p, respectively. Changes in prevalence after the COVID-19 outbreak compared to 3 years before the COVID-19 pandemic showed a significant increase in men (6.2%p; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.5–8.9) compared to women (1.5%p; 95% CI, −1.2 to 4.1). The age groups with the most significant increase in metabolic syndrome prevalence after the COVID-19 pandemic were those in their 40s (4.6%p; 95% CI, 0.9–8.4) and 50s (5.8%p; 95% CI, 2.2–9.4). By education background, the increase in metabolic syndrome prevalence was greatest among those with a college degree or higher (5.1%p). According to income, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in high- (5.3%p) and low-income (4.6%p) groups increased statistically significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The increasing trend in the overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome continued after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult men in their 40s and 50s changed significantly after the COVID-19 outbreak in Korea.

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