Obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia in Korean adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a special report of the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
2
조회
0
다운로드
16
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
OBJECTIVES: We investigated trends in obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the Korean adult population.METHODS: Data from 60,098 participants in the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey between 2011 and 2020 aged ≥19 were used. The age-standardized prevalence and annual percent changes (APCs) were calculated for obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2), hypertension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or under treatment), diabetes (hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%, fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, physician diagnosis, or under treatment), and hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or under treatment).RESULTS: Over the past decade (2011-2020), the age-standardized APCs (95% confidence intervals) for obesity, hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia were 3.0% (2.1 to 3.8), 0.1% (-1.3 to 1.5), 1.5% (-1.0 to 4.0) and 8.0% (5.7 to 10.3), respectively, in men; and -0.2% (-1.5 to 1.2), -0.5% (-1.9 to 0.9), -0.1% (-2.3 to 2.2) and 5.9% (3.9 to 8.0), respectively, in women. In 2020 compared to the previous 3 years (2017-2019), obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia increased in men (6.0, 1.8, 1.9, and 2.8%p, respectively), but an increase was not apparent in women (2.5, -1.1, 0.8, and 0.7%p, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: An increase in major chronic diseases was observed in Korean adults, especially men, during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the future, effective intervention strategies need to be developed according to the characteristics of the target groups.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We investigated trends in obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the Korean adult population.METHODS: Data from 60,098 participants in the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey between 2011 and 2020 aged ≥19 were used. The age-standardized prevalence and annual percent changes (APCs) were calculated for obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2), hypertension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or under treatment), diabetes (hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%, fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, physician diagnosis, or under treatment), and hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or under treatment).RESULTS: Over the past decade (2011-2020), the age-standardized APCs (95% confidence intervals) for obesity, hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia were 3.0% (2.1 to 3.8), 0.1% (-1.3 to 1.5), 1.5% (-1.0 to 4.0) and 8.0% (5.7 to 10.3), respectively, in men; and -0.2% (-1.5 to 1.2), -0.5% (-1.9 to 0.9), -0.1% (-2.3 to 2.2) and 5.9% (3.9 to 8.0), respectively, in women. In 2020 compared to the previous 3 years (2017-2019), obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia increased in men (6.0, 1.8, 1.9, and 2.8%p, respectively), but an increase was not apparent in women (2.5, -1.1, 0.8, and 0.7%p, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: An increase in major chronic diseases was observed in Korean adults, especially men, during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in the future, effective intervention strategies need to be developed according to the characteristics of the target groups.
참고문헌 (35)
- GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators, "Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019", Lancet, 396, pp.1204~1222 (2020)
- Roth GA, "Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019 : update from the GBD 2019 study", J Am Coll Cardiol, 76, pp.2982~3021 (2020)
- NCD Risk Factor Collaboration(NCD-RisC), "Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980 : a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4. 4 million participants", Lancet, 387, pp.1513~1530 (2016)
- Mills KT, "The global epidemiology of hypertension", Nat Rev Nephrol, 16, pp.223~237 (2020)
- Mills KT, "Global disparities of hypertension prevalence and control : a systematic analysis of population-based studies from 90 countries", Circulation, 134, pp.441~450 (2016)
- Clemmensen C, "Will the COVID-19 pandemic worsen the obesity epidemic?", Nat Rev Endocrinol, 16, pp.469~470 (2020)
- Stockwell S, "Changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown : a systematic review", BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med, 7, pp.e000960~ (2021)
- Bhutani S, "Longitudinal weight gain and related risk behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults in the US", Nutrients, 13, pp.671~ (2021)
- Deschasaux-Tanguy M, "Diet and physical activity during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)lockdown(March-May 2020) : results from the French NutriNet-Santé cohort study", Am J Clin Nutr, 113, pp.924~938 (2021)
- Lavie CJ, "Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cardiovascular health", Circ Res, 124, pp.799~815 (2019)
- Kweon S, "Data resource profile : the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES)", Int J Epidemiol, 43, pp.69~77 (2014)
- 오경원, "Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 20th Anniversary: Accomplishments and future directions", Epidemiology and Health, 43, pp.1~10 (2021), 한국역학회[DOI]
- Yoonjung Kim, "Trends in the prevalence and management of major metabolic risk factors for chronic disease over 20 years: Findings from the 1998–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey", Epidemiology and Health, 43, pp.1~12 (2021), 한국역학회[DOI]
- 김보연, "2020 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity Guidelines for the Management of Obesity in Korea", Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome, 30(2), pp.81~92 (2021), 대한비만학회[DOI]
- 김현창, "Korea hypertension fact sheet 2020: analysis of nationwide population-based data", Clinical Hypertension, 27(2), pp.66~69 (2021), 대한고혈압학회[DOI]
- 허규연, "2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus of the Korean Diabetes Association", Diabetes and Metabolism Journal, 45(4), pp.461~481 (2021), 대한당뇨병학회[DOI]
- 조소미, "Dyslipidemia Fact Sheets in Korea 2020: an Analysis of Nationwide Population-based Data", 지질·동맥경화학회지, 10(2), pp.202~209 (2021), 한국지질동맥경화학회[DOI]
- Gostin LO, "Governmental public health powers during the COVID-19 pandemic : stay-at-home orders, business closures, and travel restrictions", JAMA, 323, pp.2137~2138 (2020)
- Ludwig L, "The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on metabolic control and access to healthcare in people with diabetes : the CONFI-DIAB cross-sectional study", Diabetes Ther, 12, pp.2207~2221 (2021)
- Robinson E, "Obesity, eating behavior and physical activity during COVID-19 lockdown : a study of UK adults", Appetite, 156, pp.104853~ (2021)
- Clemmensen C, "Will the COVID-19 pandemic worsen the obesity epidemic?", Nat Rev Endocrinol, 16, pp.469~470 (2020)
- Young DR, "Sedentary behavior and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality : a science advisory from the American Heart Association", Circulation, 134, pp.e262~e279 (2016)
- Lippi G, "Physical inactivity and cardiovascular disease at the time of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)", Eur J Prev Cardiol, 27, pp.906~908 (2020)
- Charansonney OL, "Physical activity and aging : a life-long story", Discov Med, 12, pp.177~185 (2011)
- Polizzi C, "Stress and coping in the time of COVID-19 : pathways to resilience and recovery", Clin Neuropsychiatry, 17, pp.59~62 (2020)
- Brooks SK, "The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it : rapid review of the evidence", Lancet, 395, pp.912~920 (2020)
- Björntorp P, "Do stress reactions cause abdominal obesity and comorbidities", Obes Rev, 2, pp.73~86 (2001)
- "Employment rate (indicator)" (2021)[URL]
- Knol MJ, "Depression as a risk factor for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A meta-analysis", Diabetologia, 49, pp.837~845 (2006)
- Lago S, "Socioeconomic status, health inequalities and non-communicable diseases : a systematic review", Z Gesundh Wiss, 26, pp.1~14 (2018)
- Schultz WM, "Socioeconomic status and cardiovascular outcomes : challenges and interventions", Circulation, 137, pp.2166~2178 (2018)
- Pengo MF, "Home blood pressure during COVID-19-related lockdown in patients with hypertension", Eur J Prev Cardiol, 29, pp.e94~e96 (2022)
- Sánchez E, "Leading factors for weight gain during COVID-19 lockdown in a Spanish population : a cross-sectional study", Nutrients, 13, pp.894~ (2021)
- Mulugeta W, "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on weight status and factors associated with weight gain among adults in Massachusetts", Clin Obes, 11, pp.e12453~ (2021)
- Auriemma RS, "Metabolic syndrome in the era of COVID-19 outbreak : impact of lockdown on cardiometabolic health", J Endocrinol Invest, 44, pp.2845~2847 (2021)