모세관 격리를 고려한 불균질 대염수층 내 CO2 저장 및 누출 분석
Analysis on the CO2 Storage and Leakage in Heterogeneous Saline Aquifer Considering Capillary Trapping
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초록
부력에 의해 상승하는 CO2는 모세관 진입압력이 부력보다 높은 특정 영역에 도달하였을 때 모세관장벽에 의해 더 이상 유동하지 못하고 집적되는 모세관격리를 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 모세관 격리가 반영된대염수층의 불균질성에 따라 변하는 CO2의 저장량과 누출량을 측정하기 위하여 CO2 지중저장 모델에 대한수치 연구를 수행하였다. Leverett J-함수를 적용하여 지층의 불균질성에 따라 서로 다른 모세관압을 갖도록설정하였다. CO2의 대수층 내 유동양상은 투과도의 불균질도와 상관길이에 영향을 받는다. 본 연구의 결과에따르면 투과도의 변화가 심할수록 CO2 잔류격리량과 용해격리량은 감소하였지만, 모세관격리 효과로 인하여총 격리량은 증가하였다. 투과도의 수평 상관길이는 CO2의 공간적 분포에는 영향을 미쳤지만 CO2의 저장량과누출량에 미치는 영향은 미미하였다.
Abstract
Under circumstances where capillary entry pressure is larger than buoyancy pressure of CO2, a numberof capillary barriers can exist and CO2 accumulates below them. This is a new trapping mechanism called capillarytrapping. In this study, numerical simulations of CO2 sequestration were performed to estimate the amount ofCO2 storage and leakage under different heterogenous systems considering capillary trapping. Leverett J-functionwas applied so that every grid block had a different capillary pressure curve being physically consistent withits heterogenous properties. The flow pattern of CO2 plume was dependent not only upon permeabilityheterogeneity but also its correlation length. As the permeability variation increased, the total amount of trappedCO2 increased due to effect of capillary trapping, although CO2 trapped by residual and dissolution trappingdecreased. The lateral correlation length of permeability field affected spatial distribution of CO2 but did not havesignificant effect on the amount of CO2 storage and leakage.
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