셰일 저류층의 주기적 가스주입법 적용에 대한 이론적 고찰 및 미국 Eagle Ford 적용사례 분석
Theoretical Considerations and Case Study on Application of Cyclic Gas Injection in U.S. Eagle Ford Shale Reservoir
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초록
최근 저유가의 영향으로 석유개발 업계는 위축된 자본투자 환경을 맞이하여, 셰일 저류층 개발 경쟁력 확보 를 위해 기존의 설계 최적화 등을 넘어선 기술적 대안 마련이 요구된다. 기존 셰일 저류층의 압력감퇴에 의한 1차회수 율은 원유의 경우 3~7%로 일반적인 석유자원과 비교해 낮은 수준이다. 이 연구에서는 셰일 저류층의 회수증진 잠재 성을 파악하기 위해 나노단위 공극에서 발생하는 물리‧화학적 현상을 바탕으로 초기 탄화수소 부존특성을 규명하고, 잔류 탄화수소의 분포를 파악하였다. 또한 셰일 저류층의 석유회수증진에 적합한 기법으로 알려진 주기적 가스주입 법의 매커니즘을 고찰해 보고 현장적용사례를 분석하였다. 이를 통해 주기적 가스주입법의 현장 적용성과 최소혼화 압력을 고려한 운영설계 가이드를 검토하였으며, 생산가스 주입 시에도 리치가스 성분의 제어로 저류층 조건에서 혼 화될 수 있음을 확인하였다.
Abstract
As the petroleum industry has shrunk their capital investment due to the recent low oil prices, alternative techniques that overcome the current design optimization are in demand to ensure competitiveness in the development of shale reservoirs. The primary recovery pressure depletion is around 3~7% in shale oil reservoirs, which is lower than that in conventional reservoirs. This paper investigates the characteristics of initial hydrocarbon state and the residual distribution based on physical and chemical phenomena in nano-scale pore to identify potential enhanced oil recovery. Additionally, a cyclic gas injection that has been well introduced as a feasible enhanced oil recovery method for shale reservoirs is thoroughly reviewed and analyzed for its field application. Throughout the studies, the feasibility and operational design guidance that takes into account the minimum miscibility pressure have been reviewed, and confirmed miscibility achievement at reservoir condition by controlling the rich gas components of produced gas injection.
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