본문 바로가기
KERD
논문

광산적용 암반분류법에 대한 고찰

A Consideration for the Application of Mine Rock Mass Classification

선우춘
한국자원공학회 (The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers)|2013.12|한국자원공학회지 (Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers)|제50권 제6호|pp. 902-917|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12972/ksmer.2013.50.6.902

0

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

공동Opening암반분류Rock mass classificationMRMR지하채광Underground minning
주제분류자원공학

초록

채광작업으로 채굴적의 체적이 증가되어 공동주위에서 응력집중과 응력크기가 변한다. 노출된 표면에서는 풍화가 진행되어 절리표면과 절리의 충전물에서 변화가 일어나 불연속면의 특성이 변한다. 또한 채굴에 따라 반복되는 발파도 암반에 영향을 주고 새로운 균열의 형성과 기존의 불연속면에 영향을 준다. 이러한 영향들이 암반강도의 감소로 이어져 채굴적 주변에서 넓은 범위에 걸쳐 불안정해 질 수 있다. 따라서 지하광산에서의 암반분류법의 적용은 일반적인 터널과는 달리 지하갱도 및 채굴적의 체적, 유지시간, 공동의 수 등은 광산의 수명과 함께 계속적으로 변화된다는 점을 고려해야 한다. 이 논문의 목적은 광산적용 암반분류법이 어떻게 적용되고 있고 차후 국내 광산적용을 위한 암반평가방법에 대한 정보를 제공하고자 한다. 특히 여기서는 MRMR에 대해서는 상세하게 소개한다.

Abstract

With the increase of underground openings caused by mining operations, the stress concentration and stress intensity change around the openings. The weathering makes the surfaces and the filling of joints change the natures of discontinuities. The repetitive blastings also generate new fractures. Since these effects have led to a large reduction in rock strength, the rock mass around the openings may be unstable. Thus, for the application of the rock mass classification system to the mine it should be considered that the volume of underground openings and the number of stopes constantly change with the life of mine. The goal of this paper is to provide the informations of how the rock mass classification is being applied to the underground mining and how it will be applied to the domestic mines in the future. Here, especially the MRMR is introduced in detail.

참고문헌 (45)

  1. Barton, N., "Engineering Classifications of Rock Masses for the Design of Tunnel Support", Rock Mech, 6(6), pp.189~236 (1974)
  2. Barton, N., "Some new Q-value correlations to assist in site characterization and tunnel design", Int. J of Rock Mech. Min Sci, 39(2), pp.185~216 (2002)
  3. Bieniawski, Z.T., "Engineering classification of rock masses", Trans S. Afr Inst Civ Eng, 15(12), pp.335~344 (1973)
  4. Bieniawski, Z. T., "Engineering Rock Mass Classifications", pp.251~ (1989), John Wiley & Sons
  5. Chain pillar design: calibration of ALPS, "Colwell, M.G.", Australian Coal Association Research Program, ~, pp.ACARP project C6036 (1998)
  6. Cummings, R.A., "Caving rock mass classification and support estimation,” USBM-RI:J0100103", ~ (1982)
  7. Esterhuizen, G.S., "Roof stability issues in underground limestone mines in the United States", Proceedings of the 25th Int. Conf. on ground control in mining (2006)
  8. Gadde, M. M., "integrated approach to support design in underground coal mines, In Proceed. of Int. Workshop on Rock Mass Classification in Underground Mining, Information Circular 9498", pp.49~56 (2007), NIOSH Publication
  9. Goel, R. K., "Indian Experiences with Q and RMR systems", and Underground Space Technology, 10(1), pp.97~109 (1995)
  10. Hill, D, "Practical experiences with application of the coal mine roof rating (CMRR) in Australian coal mines", Proceed. of Int. Workshop on Rock Mass Classification in Underground Mining, IC9498, NIOSH Publication, pp.65~72 (2007)
  11. Hoek, E., "Strength of rock and rock masses", ISRM News, 2(2), pp.4~16 (1994)
  12. Hoek, E, "Practical estimates of rock mass strength", Int. J. of Rock Mech Min Sci, 34(8), pp.1165~1186 (1997)
  13. Kendorski, F.S., "Rock mass classification for block caving mine drift support", Proceedings of the 5th ISRM, Melbourne, Australia, pp.51~63 (1983)
  14. Krauland, N., "Determining pillar strength from pillar failure observations", Eng. Min. Journal, 8, pp.34~40 (1987)
  15. Lane, W.L., "Pillar extraction and rock mechanics at the Doe Run Company in Missouri 1991 to 1999", Proceedings, 37th Rock Mech. Symp., Balkema Rotterdan (1999)
  16. Lang, B., "Span design in wide cut and fill stope at Detour Lake Mine", 93rd Annual General Meeting, Canadian Institute of Mining, Vancouver, (142) (1991)
  17. Laubscher, D. H., "Class distinction in rock masses", Coal, Gold, Base minerals S. Afr, (23), pp.23~ (1975)
  18. Laubscher, D.H., "Geomechanics classification of jointed rock masses-mining applications", Trans. Inst. Min. Metall, 86, pp.A1~A7 (1977)
  19. Laubscher, D. H., "Design aspects and effectiveness of support system in different mining conditions", Trans. Inst. Min. Metall, 93, pp.A70~A81 (1984)
  20. Laubscher, D. H., "A geomechanics classification system for the rating of rock mass in mine design", J. of South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 90(10), pp.257~273 (1990)
  21. Laubscher, D.H., "The importance of geomechanics classification of jointed rock masses in mining operations", Proceedings of the Symp. on Exploration for Rock Engineering. Johannesburg, South Africa (1976)
  22. Laubscher, D.H, "The MRMR rock mass classification for jointed rock masses, Underground Mining Methods: Engineering Fundamentals and Int. Case Studies", Society of Mining Engineers, AIME, New York, 474~481 (2001)
  23. Marinos, P., "Variability of the engineering properties of rock masses quantified by the geological strength index: the case of ophiolites with special emphasis on tunnelling", Bull Eng Geol Env, 65, pp.129~142 (2006)
  24. Marinos, P., "The geological strength index (GSI): a characterization tool for assessing engineering properties for rock masses", Proceed. of Int. Workshop on Rock Mass Classification in Underground Mining, IC 9498, pp.87~94 (2007)
  25. Mark, C., "Design of longwall gate entry systems using roof classification, In New Technology for Longwall Ground Control; Proceedings: U.S. Bureau of Mines Technology Transfer Seminar", Proceedings: U.S. Bureau of Mines Technology Transfer Seminar. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, pp.5~17 (1994)
  26. Mark, C., "New developments with the coal mine roof rating", Proceedings of the 21st Int. Conference on Ground Control in Mining. Morgantown, WV, West Virginia University, pp.294~301 (2002)
  27. Mark, C, "The coal mine roof rating in mining engineering practice", Proceedings of the 4th Underground Coal Operators’ Conference. Carlton, Victoria, Australia: Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (2003)
  28. Prediction of stable excavation spans for mining at depths below 1000m in hard rock, "Mathews, K.E", CAMMET, ~, pp.Report DSS Serial No. OSQ80-00081 (1981)
  29. Martin, C.D., "The strength of hard-rock pillars", Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, 37, pp.1239~1246 (2000)
  30. Geotechnical risk assessment of large diameter raise-bored shafts, "McCracken, A.", Shaft Engineering, Inst Min Met, 309~316 (1989)
  31. Mikula, P.A., "Confirmation of Q classification for use at Mt. Charlotte mine", Proceedings of the 1st Australasian Ground Control in Mining Conference, Australia, pp.179~183 (2003)
  32. Milne, D., "Rock mass characterization for underground hard rock mines", Canadian Tunneling, 13(4), pp.383~391 (1998)
  33. Coal mine roof rating (CMRR): a practical rock mass classification for coal mines, "Molinda, G.M.", U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, ~, pp.IC9387 (1994)
  34. Rating the strength of coal mine roof rocks, "Molinda, G.M.", Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, ~, pp.IC 9444. NTIS No. PB96-155072 (1996)
  35. Nickson, S. D., "Cable support guidelines for underground hard rock mine operations", 석사, pp.1992
  36. Peck, W.A., "Application of the Q-system to Australian underground metal mines", Proceed. of Int. Workshop on Rock Mass Classification in Underground Mining, pp.129~140 (2007), NIOSH Publication
  37. Potvin, Y., "Design guidelines for open stope supprot", CIM Bulletin, 82(926), pp.53~62 (1988)
  38. Pritchard, C.J, "Progressive pillar failure and rockbursting at Denison Mine, In Rockburst and seismicity in mines" (1993), Balkema
  39. Karanam U. M. Rao, "석회석 광산의 지하갱도 안정성평가를 위한 암반분류법 개발", 터널과 지하공간, 13(6), pp.421~433 (2003), 한국암반공학회
  40. Steward, S.B.V., "The Mathews method for open stope design", CIM Bulletin, 88(992), pp.45~53 (1995)
  41. Sunwoo, C., "A study for optimum mine opening dimension of underground limestone mines by the rock mass classification", KIGAM Bulletin, 7(4), pp.37~48 (2003)
  42. Sunwoo, C., "Application of geological strength index(GSI) for the classification of underground limestone mines", Proced. of Int. Symp. on Rock engineering: Theoty and Practice, EUROCK 2004, pp.465~470 (2004)
  43. 선우춘, "Stability graph method에 의한 석회석 지하채굴 공동의 안정성 평가", 터널과 지하공간, 15(5), pp.369~377 (2005), 한국암반공학회
  44. Whittles, D.N, "The development of a coal measure classification(CMC) and its use for prediction of geomechanical parameters", Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, 44(4), pp.496~513 (2007)
  45. Witthaus, H., "Rock mass classification in German hard-coal mining: standards and application", Proceed. of Int. Workshop on Rock Mass Classification in Underground Mining, IC9498, pp.141~151 (2007), NIOSH Publication

관련 논문AI추천

석회석 광산의 지하갱도 안정성평가를 위한 암반분류법 개발선우춘, 전양수, 정소걸, 최성웅, Karanam U. M. Rao한국암반공학회 · 터널과 지하공간2003 · 제13권 제6호석회석 지하채굴 광산에서의 암반파괴 및 갱도규격 연구선우춘, 정용복한국자원공학회 · 한국자원공학회지2006 · 제43권 제5호석회석광산의 갱내채광설계 및 안정성평가구청모, 이인우, 전석원한국암반공학회 · 터널과 지하공간2008 · 제18권 제4호정규화한 RMR 변수들의 평가 경향에 대한 고찰김선명, 이성민, 이연희사단법인 한국터널지하공간학회 · 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집2012 · 제14권 제1호실내시험과 현장암반분류를 이용한 광산갱도의 안정성 해석박찬, 김민식, 김종우, 박삼규, 이동길, 조영도한국암반공학회 · 터널과 지하공간2014 · 제24권 제3호암반분류법을 이용한 석회석 광산 내 대규격 갱도의 안정성 평가윤용균, 이홍우한국암반공학회 · 터널과 지하공간2007 · 제17권 제6호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (12건)

CO2 지중저장 시뮬레이션을 위한 대수층 모델 분석서유석, 장일식, 배재유pp. 769-780역비중침강법을 이용한 폐PCB 연삭분진의 금속성분 분리김영진, 이재령, 이정훈, 이재천, 임진호, 안종관pp. 781-788어안 렌즈 카메라와 SOLPOS 계산기를 이용한태양광 발전 시스템 부지 적합성 평가송진영, 박현성, 최요순, 정영욱, 임길재pp. 789-798폐금속광산 주변 오염농경지의 As 및 중금속 안정성 효율 평가정선희, 이근춘, 김기준, 정명채, 김윤수, 인현진, 안상곤, 권지철, 권요셉pp. 799-809토양과 공기 중 석면함량의 상관분석을 위한 현장시험장치 개발 및 적용김선준, 오미혜, 이종훈, 박성숙pp. 810-818
원문 보기